Overview

Chapter 4 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9780429431197 Focused on the emergence of US President Donald Trump, the United Kingdom’s departure from the European Union, and the recruitment of Islamic State foreign fighters from Western Muslim communities, this book explores the ways in which the decay and corruption of key social institutions has created a vacuum of intellectual and moral guidance for working people and deprived them of hope and an upward social mobility long considered central to the social contract of Western liberal democracy. Examining the exploitation of this vacuum of leadership and opportunity by new demagogues, the author considers two important yet overlooked dimensions of this new populism: the mobilization of both religion and masculinity. By understanding religion as a dynamic social force that can be mobilized for purposes of social solidarity and by appreciating the sociological arguments that hyper-masculinity is caused by social injury, Roose considers how these key social factors have been particularly important in contributing to the emergence of the new demagogues and their followers. Roose identifies the challenges that this poses for Western liberal democracy and argues that states must look beyond identity politics and exclusively rights-based claims and, instead, consider classical conceptions of citizenship.

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The optimistic world of globalization and neo-liberal economics has rapidly disappeared in the last decade with financial instability, refugee crises, political extremism, Brexit and the potential breakup of the European Union. Donald Trump's foreign policy appears to be designed to undermine the UN, NATO, EU, and WHO. In response we have a plethora of explanations and definitions, especially of populism, but no comprehensive social science perspective. The crises are global and cannot be understood in a national context. Joshua Roose offers an original and innovative analysis exploring issues often overlooked by commentators: religion and masculinity. The erosion of key social institutions, especially citizenship and patterns of normative behavior such as civility, has created a social and political vacuum now filled by strong man politics and populist ideologies. Combining comparative empirical research, historical depth and theoretical inquiry, New Demagogues is sociology at its best. - Bryan S. Turner, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, USA

Author Information

Joshua M. Roose is a Senior Research Fellow in Politics and Religion at the Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Deakin University, Australia. He is the author of Political Islam and Masculinity: Australian Muslim Men.

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