Overview

This reader collects and introduces important work in linguistics, computer science, artificial intelligence, and computational linguistics on the use of linguistic devices in natural languages to situate events in time: whether they are past, present, or future; whether they are real or hypothetical; when an event might have occurred, and how long it could have lasted. In focussing on the treatment and retrieval of time-based information it seeks to lay the foundation for temporally-aware natural language computer processing systems, for example those that process documents on the worldwide web to answer questions or produce summaries. The development of such systems requires the application of technical knowledge from many different disciplines. The book is the first to bring these disciplines together, by means of classic and contemporary papers in four areas: tense, aspect, and event structure; temporal reasoning; the temporal structure of natural language discourse; and temporal annotation. Clear, self-contained editorial introductions to each area provide the necessary technical background for the non-specialist, explaining the underlying connections across disciplines.A wide range of students and professionals in academia and industry will value this book as an introduction and guide to a new and vital technology. The former include researchers, students, and teachers of natural language processing, linguistics, artificial intelligence, computational linguistics, computer science, information retrieval (including the growing speciality of question-answering), library sciences, human-computer interaction, and cognitive science. Those in industry include corporate managers and researchers, software product developers, and engineers in information-intensive companies, such as on-line database and web-service providers.

Full Product Details

Author:   Inderjeet Mani (Georgetown University) ,  James Pustejovsky (Brandeis University) ,  Robert Gaizauskas (University of Sheffield)
Publisher:   Oxford University Press
Imprint:   Oxford University Press
Dimensions:   Width: 17.10cm , Height: 3.40cm , Length: 24.50cm
Weight:   0.001kg
ISBN:  

9780199268542

ISBN 10:   0199268541
Pages:   604
Publication Date:   26 May 2005
Audience:   Professional and scholarly ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Paperback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   To order  
Stock availability from the supplier is unknown. We will order it for you and ship this item to you once it is received by us.

Table of Contents

Part 1: Tense, Aspect, and Event Structure 1: Z. Vendler: Verbs and Times 2: James Pustejovsky: The Syntax of Event Structure 3: Emmon Bach: The Algebra of Events 4: Hans Reichenbach: The Tense of Verbs 5: A.N. Prior: Tense Logic and the Logic of Earlier and Later 6: Marc Moens and Mark Steedman: Temporal Ontology and Temporal Reference 7: Bonnie J. Door and Mari Broman Olsen: Deriving Verbal and Compositional Lexical Aspect for NLP Applications 8: Rebecca J. Passonneau: A Computational Model of the Semantics of Tense and Aspect Part II: Temporal Reasoning 9: Drew McDermot: A Temporal Logic for Reasoning About Processes and Plans 10: Robert Kowalski and Marek Sergot: A Logic-Based Calculus of Events 11: Luca Chittaro and Carlo Combi: Extending the Event Calculus with Temporal Granularity and Indeterminacy 12: James F. Allen: Towards a General Theory of Action and Time 13: Antony Galton: A Critical Examination of Allen's Theory of Action and Time 14: Jerry Hobbs and James Pustejovsky: Annotating and Reasoning About Time and Events Part III: Temporal Structure of Discourse 15: David R. Dowty: The Effects of Aspectual Class on the Temporal Structure of Discourse: Semantics or Pragmatics? 16: Alex Lascarides and Nicholas Asher: Temporal Relations, Discourse Structure, and Commonsense Entailment 17: Allan Bell: News Stories as Narratives 18: Bonnie Lynn Webber: Tense as Discourse Anaphor 19: Fei Song and Robin Cohen: Tense Interpretation in the Context of Narrative 20: Janyce Wiebe, Tom O'Hara, Thorsten Ohrstrom-Sandgren, and K. J. McKeever: An Empirical Approach to Temporal Reference Resolution 21: Chung Hee Hwang and Lenhart K. Schubert: Tense Trees as the Fine Structure of Discourse 22: Janet Hitzeman, Marc Moens, and Claire Grover: Algorithms for Analyzing the Temporal Structure of Discourse Part IV: Temporal Annotation 23: George Wilson, Inderjeet Mani, Beth Sundheim, and Lisa Ferro: A Multilingual Approach to Annotating and Extracting Temporal Information 24: Graham Katz and Fabrizio Arosio: The Annotation of Temporal Information in Natural Language Sentences 25: Elena Filatove and Eduard Hovy: Assigning Time-Stamps to Event-Clauses 26: Franck Schilder and Christopher Habel: From Temporal Expressions to Temporal Information: Semantic Tagging of News Messages 27: James Pustejovsky, Robert Ingria, Roser Sauri, Jose Castano, Jessica Littman, Robert Gaizauskas, Andrea Setzer, Graham Katz, and Inderjeet Mani: The Specification Language TimeML 28: Wenjie Li, Kam-Fai Wong, and Chunfa Yuan: A Model for Processing Temporal References in Chinese 29: Andrea Setzer, Robert Gaizauskas, and Mark Hepple: Using Semantic Inference for Temporal Annotation Comparison Index

Reviews

a genuinely useful resource, one that will guide work in this domain over the next decade and more. Patrick Blackburn, Computational Linguistics This book brings together a variety of approaches, theoretical as well practical, for dealing with time in natural language. The papers are among the most relevant. They have been arranged in an order which makes sense. The introductions are excellent... Compulsory reading for people working in the relevant disciplines. Anil Singh, Linguist List

Author Information

Inderjeet Mani is Associate Professor of Linguistics at Georgetown University, where he chairs the program in Computational Linguistics. He works on the computer understanding of temporal narrative and on ontologies for natural language processing. His work on automatic summarization has included new summarization methods as well as evaluation techniques, while his research on temporal information extraction has led to the development of taggers for temporal expressions in various languages. He has served on the Editorial Board of the journal Computational Linguistics (2002-4), and has published more than fifty scientific papers and two books: Automatic Summarization (2001) and the co-edited volume Advances in Automatic Text Summarization (1999). James Pustejovsky is Professor of Computer Science and Director of the Laboratory for Linguistics and Computation at Brandeis University. His research focuses on the areas of computational and theoretical models of lexical semantics, temporal reasoning, knowledge representation, and information extraction and retrieval in bioinformatics. His books include The Generative Lexicon (1995), Meaning in Context (2005), and the edited volumes Lexical Semantics and Knowledge Representation (1992 with Sabine Bergler), Semantics and the Lexicon (1993); Lexical Semantics and the Problem of Polysemy (1997 with Bran Boguraev), and Events as Grammatical Objects (2000 with Carol Tenny). Robert Gaizauskas is Professor of Computer Science at the University of Sheffield. His research interests lie in applied natural language processing, especially information extraction and retrieval, both from newswire text and from scientific writing, particularly medical and biological text. He also works on automatic question answering and summarization, on the extraction of temporal information from texts and has an on-going interest in evaluation of language technology. He has published over 80 papers in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings.

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