Overview

Covers the State of the Art in Superfluidity and Superconductivity Superfluid States of Matter addresses the phenomenon of superfluidity/superconductivity through an emergent, topologically protected constant of motion and covers topics developed over the past 20 years. The approach is based on the idea of separating universal classical-field superfluid properties of matter from the underlying system's quanta. The text begins by deriving the general physical principles behind superfluidity/superconductivity within the classical-field framework and provides a deep understanding of all key aspects in terms of the dynamics and statistics of a classical-field system. It proceeds by explaining how this framework emerges in realistic quantum systems, with examples that include liquid helium, high-temperature superconductors, ultra-cold atomic bosons and fermions, and nuclear matter. The book also offers several powerful modern approaches to the subject, such as functional and path integrals. Comprised of 15 chapters, this text: * Establishes the fundamental macroscopic properties of superfluids and superconductors within the paradigm of the classical matter field * Deals with a single-component neutral matter field * Considers fundamentals and properties of superconductors * Describes new physics of superfluidity and superconductivity that arises in multicomponent systems * Presents the quantum-field perspective on the conditions under which classical-field description is relevant in bosonic and fermionic systems * Introduces the path integral formalism * Shows how Feynman path integrals can be efficiently simulated with the worm algorithm * Explains why nonsuperfluid (insulating) ground states of regular and disordered bosons occur under appropriate conditions * Explores superfluid solids (supersolids) * Discusses the rich dynamics of vortices and various aspects of superfluid turbulence at T -->0 * Provides account of BCS theory for the weakly interacting Fermi gas * Highlights and analyzes the most crucial developments that has led to the current understanding of superfluidity and superconductivity * Reviews the variety of superfluid and superconducting systems available today in nature and the laboratory, as well as the states that experimental realization is currently actively pursuing

Full Product Details

Author:   Boris V. Svistunov ,  Egor S. Babaev ,  Nikolay V. Prokof'Ev
Publisher:   Taylor & Francis Inc
Imprint:   CRC Press Inc
ISBN:  

9781439802762

ISBN 10:   1439802769
Pages:   583
Publication Date:   15 April 2015
Audience:   General/trade ,  College/higher education ,  General ,  Tertiary & Higher Education
Format:   Electronic book text
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   In stock  
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Table of Contents

I Superfluidity from a Classical-Field Perspective Neutral Matter Field Classical Hamiltonian Formalism Basic Dynamic and Static Properties Matter Field Under Rotation Superfluidity at Finite Temperatures and Hydrodynamics Equilibrium Statistics of a Superfluid Basics of Superfluid Hydrodynamics, Thermomechanical Effects, Hydrodynamic Hamiltonian and Action References Superfluid Phase Transition XY Universality Class High-Temperature Expansion for the XY Model J-Current Models Dual Descriptions of Normal and Superfluid Phases High-Temperature Expansion for the |psi|Model References Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Phase Transition Statistics of Vortices at Large Scales Kosterlitz-Thouless Renormalization-Group Theory References II Superconducting and Multicomponent Systems Charged Matter Fields U(1) Gauge Theory U(1) Mean-Field Gauge Theories, London and Ginzburg-LandauModels Type-1 and Type-2 Superconductors Vortices in a Superconductor Upper and Lower Critical Magnetic Fields (Hc1 and Hc2) Critical Coupling kappa = 1: Bogomolny Bound and Equations Summary of the Magnetic Response and Vortex Liquid Magneto-Rotational Isomorphism Superconducting Phase Transition References Multicomponent Superconductors and Superfluids, and Superconducting and Metallic Superfluids Mixtures of Superfluids and Entrainment Effect Multicomponent Superconductors Fractional Vortices Superfluid Sector of Liquid Metallic Hydrogen-Type System Rotational Response of a Charged Sector in the Multicomponent Superconductor and Violation of the London Law Violation of London Electrodynamics Skyrmion and Hopfion Topological Defects Magnetic Responses and Type-1.5 Superconductivity Effects of Intercomponent Interactions in Multiband Systems Composite U(1) Order and Coflow/Counterflow Superfluidity References III Quantum-Mechanical Aspects: Macrodynamics Quantum-Field Perspective Coherent States, Operator of Phase Harmonic Hydrodynamic Hamiltonian Superfluid Thermodynamics at Low Temperature Density Matrix Functional Integral Representation for Bosonic Fields Classical-Field Limit: Gross Pitaevskii Equation Superfluidity and Compressibility: The XY Model Paradox Connectivity of the Ground-State Wavefunction Popov Hydrodynamic Action Long-Range Asymptotics of Off-Diagonal Correlators Cooper Pair Problem Where Does the Coulomb Repulsion Go? BCS-BEC Crossover References Path Integral Representation Lattice Path Integrals Lattice Gauge Field and the Winding Number Formula Continuous-Space Path Integrals Nonclassical Moment of Inertia Formula Green's Function, Density Matrix, and Superfluidity General Aspects of Path Integral Monte Carlo Worm Algorithm References Supersolids and Insulators Supersolid State from the Classical-Field Perspective Supersolid State from the Quantum-Particle Perspective Existence of Insulators Mott Insulators Superfluidity and Disorder Theorem of Inclusions Superfluidity in Disordered Lattice Models Superfluidity of Crystalline Defects References Dynamics of Vortices and Phonons: Turbulence Basic Relations of Vortex Dynamics Kelvin Waves Vortex-Phonon Interaction Superfluid Turbulence References IV Weakly Interacting Gases Green's Functions and Feynman's Diagrams Matsubara Representation Diagrammatic Technique for Normal Bosonic Systems Thermodynamics of Weakly Interacting Bose Gas, BCS Theory Main Results Beliaev's Diagrammatic Technique Thermodynamic Functions in the Quasicondensate Region Expansion Parameters: Estimates for Higher-Order Terms Long-Range Off-Diagonal Correlations Normal Region Fluctuation Region Weakly Interacting Fermi Gas References Kinetics of Bose-Einstein Condensation Weakly Turbulent State of a Degenerate Bose Gas Kinetic Equation in the Weak-Turbulence Regime Self-Similar Analysis of Kinetic Equation Strongly Nonequilibrium Bose-Einstein Condensation References Historical Overview: Nature and Laboratory Historical Overview Liquid Helium, Superconductivity, Einstein's Classica Matter Field Lambda Point, Abnormal Heat Transport, Superfluidity Theories Enter, London, Tisza, Landau, and Bogoliubov Off-Diagonal Long-Range Order, Vorticity Quantization, Quantum-Statistical Insights Meissner-Ochsenfeld Effect, London Phenomenology Magnetic Flux Quantization Ginzburg-Landau Phenomenology, Shubnikov Phase/Abrikosov Lattice BCS Theory Advent of Field-Theoretical Methods Josephson Effect, The Phase, Popov Hydrodynamic Action Superfluid Phase Transition Multicomponent Order Parameters/Effective Theories Related Developments BEC in Ultracold Gases References Superfluid States in Nature and the Laboratory Helium-4 Helium-3 Dilute Trapped Ultracold Gases Resonant Fermions: From Ultracold Atoms to Neutron Stars Electronic Superconductors Superconductivity of Nucleons: Finite Nuclei, Neutron Stars, and Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Color Superconductivity of Quarks Stable, Metastable, and Unstable Elementary Excitations Superfluid States in Optical-Lattice Emulators References Index

Reviews

This book presents this field in an attractive way, emphasizing deep unifying concepts of symmetry and topology while maintaining firm connection to concrete physical realities. -Frank Wilczek, Nobel Laureate in Physics (2004) and Herbert Feshbach Professor of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology This fascinating book contains a lucid, useful, and up-to-date guide to understanding the burgeoning field of superfluid states of quantum matter. It instantly becomes the ultimate resource on the subject for a wide range of readers from beginning graduate students to established scholars. -Professor Victor Galitski, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland The authors develop the concepts of superfluidity in a well-organized modern view and include some of its most fascinating applications at the forefronts of interdisciplinary research, from novel electronic superconductors to cold atomic gases and quark matter. I expect this will become a celebrated book that students and researchers in our field have been waiting for. -W. Vincent Liu, Professor of Physics, University of Pittsburgh This book is a timely and valuable addition to the study of superfluidity since it emphasizes the classical-field aspects and relies on Feynman path integrals. The authors are well-recognized authorities in this area. -Professor Alexander Fetter, Stanford University This book on superfluidity and superconductivity is unique and comprehensive. It reflects the broad expertise of the authors who have made important contributions to our understanding of many different physical systems. I found it refreshing that the material is presented from a modern perspective in a unifying way. -Wolfgang Ketterle, Nobel Laureate in Physics 2001 and John D. MacArthur Professor of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology ... a modern treatment of the subject that provides conceptual insight as well as technical details. ... It is rare that a textbook can cover such a wide range of topics without losing too much technical detail. The textbook promises to be a must-read for graduate students in strongly correlated quantum fluids. -Dr. Derek Lee, Department of Physics, Imperial College London This book fills a real gap by placing all the 'folklore' describing superfluid systems in terms of classical fields within a coherent theoretical framework and using this as the conceptual foundation upon which subsequent (particularly quantum) developments are developed. The authors' scholarship and enthusiasm for the subject are evident throughout, and to their credit, they take time to develop and explain important concepts as they arise. -Simon A. Gardiner, Professor and Head of Section in the Centre for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Durham University This is a very timely and welcome addition to the literature on superfluidity. Its starting point in hydrodynamics makes this book unique. The authors manage to lead the reader from the basics to the state of the art. -Carsten Timm, Professor of Condensed Matter Theory, Technische Universitat Dresden This is an excellent book in the field of strongly interacting systems written by authors who have made exceptional contributions to practically every topic. It combines an innovative approach with rigorous self-contained analytics and a powerful numerical scheme ... The coverage of topics-from the foundations exposed in a new light to novel composite superfluids and supersolids-is exhaustive and creative. -Anatoly Kuklov, Associate Professor of Engineering Science and Physics, College of Staten Island, The City University of New York

Author Information

Boris Vladimirovich Svistunov received his MSc in physics in 1983 from Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia. In 1990, he received his PhD in theoretical physics from Kurchatov Institute (Moscow), where he worked from 1986 to 2003 (and is still affiliated with). In 2003, he joined the Physics Department of the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Egor Sergeevich Babaev received his MSc in physics in 1996 from St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University and A. F. Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia. In 2001, he received his PhD in theoretical physics from Uppsala University (Sweden). In 2007, after several years as a postdoctoral research associate at Cornell University, he joined the faculty of the Physics Department of the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. He is currently a faculty member at the Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden. Nikolay Victorovich Prokof'ev received his MSc in physics in 1982 from Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia. In 1987, he received his PhD in theoretical physics from Kurchatov Institute (Moscow), where he worked from 1984 to 1999. In 1999, he joined the Physics Department of the University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

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