Overview

This manuscript discusses the potentials of the approaches as mentioned below to monitor the AIVs in WMW. Molecular diagnostic platforms enable for accurate detection of the AIVs in the feces of infected birds. Similar technologies can be used to determine the bird species through DNA barcoding, enabling non-invasive research on the epidemiology of the disease.  Wild migratory waterfowl (WMW) play significant role in the transmission of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) on large distances. Understanding bird migrations may therefore significantly contribute towards understanding of the disease epidemiology, however most conventional approaches to trace WMW migrations are based on capturing, tagging (mostly ringing or GPS devices) and their re-capturing to link the departure and arrival places. Stable isotope ratios in metabolically inert tissues (feathers, beaks, claws) reflect the ratios present at the point of intake (drinking or feeding), thus enabling for tracing bird origins at stopover places. Molecular diagnostic platforms such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) enable for accurate detection of the AIVs in the feces of infected birds. Similar technologies (genetic sequencing) can be used to determine the bird species through DNA barcoding. Simple and easy collection of feather and fecal samples at the stopover places may generate a full information package on which species of WMW carries the AIVs (PCR+DNA barcoding on the feces), as well as the origin of these species (SI+DNA barcoding on the feathers). Therefore, such approaches enable for research on the epidemiology and the ecology of the AIVs in WMW using a non-invasive platform, which does not require capturing of WMW. This manuscript discusses the potentials of these approaches to monitor the AIVs in WMW. p>

Full Product Details

Author:   G.J. Viljoen ,  A.G. Luckins ,  I. Naletoski
Publisher:   Springer International Publishing AG
Imprint:   Springer International Publishing AG
Edition:   1st ed. 2016
Dimensions:   Width: 15.50cm , Height: 1.00cm , Length: 23.50cm
Weight:   0.454kg
ISBN:  

9783319282978

ISBN 10:   3319282972
Pages:   49
Publication Date:   09 August 2016
Audience:   College/higher education ,  Professional and scholarly ,  Postgraduate, Research & Scholarly ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   Manufactured on demand  
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Table of Contents

FOREWORD.- 2. GENERAL INTRODUCTION.- 2.1. Background analysis.- 2.2. Migratory Birds and HPAI.- 2.3. Using SIA to understand the dissemination of HPAI – The way ahead!.- 3. ANIMAL MIGRATION TRACKING METHODS.- 3.1. Extrinsic Markers.- 3.2. Intrinsic Markers.- 3.3. The Stable Isotopes of Water on a Spatial Scale.- 3.4. Deriving isoscapes in the absence of GNIP data.- 3.5. Use of Stable Isotopes in Migration Studies.- 3.6. Approaches for Determining Migratory Connectivity.- 4. PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS.- 4.1. Sample Collection and Tissue Preparation.- 4.2. Other Stable Isotopes for Migration Research.- 5. REFERENCES

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