Overview

Preterm premature rupture of membranes is defined as spontaneous rupture of amniotic membranes before the onset of uterine contractions or prior to the onset of labour after the age of viability and before 37 completed weeks (36weeks+6days). (1) Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) occurs in 3% of pregnancies and is responsible for approximately one third of all preterm births .The incidence of preterm premature rupture of membrane averages from 0.7 to 2.1% and accounts for about 20 to 40% cases of PROM before 37 weeks of gestation. Preterm premature rupture of membrane complicates about 2-4% of singleton pregnancies and 7- 20% of twin pregnancies, it is associated with 60% preterm deliveries and 10% of perinatal death. Preterm PROM is an important cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality mainly due to prematurity and its sequelae. Perinatal infection, increased incidence of hyaline membrane disease, intraventricular hemorrhage, sepsis, cord prolapse, umbilical cord compression resulting from oligohydramnios, fetal distress further compromises the outcome and there is increased fetal wastage.(2) Maternal morbidity is increased because of chorioamnionitis, unfavourable cervix, dysfunctional labour, increase in caesarean rates, postpartum hemorrhage and endometritis. The longer the time interval between the rupture of membranes and onset of labour, greater is the risk of ascending infections and chorioamnionitis. This risk may assume grave prognosis in patient undergoing cesarean section.

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