Overview

Energy and water are both essential commodities. The abundance of these resources is yet to transcend into adequate use, mainly because of infrastructural deficit, efficient management and utilization of both resources and exiting infrastructures. It is for this reason that international organizations like the United Nations propose and pursue sustainable development goals 6 and 7 which recommended ‘clean water and sanitation’ and ‘Affordable and clean energy for all’ respectively. To achieve a more comprehensive solution to these multifaceted complex problems, a roadmap with holistic techniques is needed. The energy-water nexus concept describes the interconnection between both resources with the aim of maximizing synergy and addressing trade-offs between the two. This mutual relationship between energy and water could be two ways, either water utilization for energy generation or energy expended for water purification. It could also be the case of both energy and water interdependence for co-generation. In any case, the energy-water nexus is beneficial for domestic utilization, industrial use and for agricultural efficiency through irrigation for food production. The optimal design and utilization of this nexus for techno-economic and environmental sustainability is of high essence. Key Features: Provides a pathway towards effective and efficient utilization of the nexus of critical resources like energy, water, food and environment and explores relative advantages, synergies and trade-offs. Seeks to tie the Energy-Water nexus to related aspects of optimization, control and operation of emerging technologies. Provides a detailed analysis of Energy-Water nexus control and optimization tools, current trends, and outlook. Serves as a roadmap to the delivery of adequate, affordable, reliable, sustainable clean energy and water by developing mathematical models of optimal energy mix.

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Ewaoche John Okampo, Ph.D. is currently a postdoctoral research fellow at the University of Johannesburg. He obtains a PhD degree in Electrical and Electronic Engineering from the University of Johannesburg, South Africa (2021). He holds a Bachelor of Engineering degree (B. Eng.) and Master of Engineering degree (M. Eng.) in Electrical and Electronic Engineering from Caritas University, Enugu (2010) and University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria (2017) respectively. He also holds a Post Graduate Diploma in Education (PGDE) from National Open University of Nigeria (2016) and on course to complete a second PhD in Operations Management. His research interests include engineering education, energy-water nexus, renewable energy systems, systems modelling and simulation, application of FACTS devices and artificial/computational intelligence for power system optimization and reliability. In his “Just-starting” research journey, he has published twelve (12) papers of which eight (8) are indexed journals, and has served as reviewer for many high-rated journals. Dr. Ewaoche John Okampo is a Professional Engineer registered with the Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA), a Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (MIEEE), a Member of the South African Institute of Electrical Engineers (MSAIEE). Nnamdi Nwulu is a Professor of Electrical Engineering and the Director of the Centre for Cyber Physical Food, Energy & Water Systems (CCP-FEWS) at the University of Johannesburg. His research interests have focused on the application of digital technologies, mathematical optimization techniques and machine learning algorithms in food, energy and water systems. This research focus has produced five (5) books and over seventy (70) indexed journal publications winning him the 2021 NRF Research Excellence Award for Early Career/Emerging Researchers in the Engineering/Technology Category. He was also a 2020/2021 TW Kambule-NSTF-South32 Award finalist in the category of Emerging Researcher and also won the 2020 UJ Vice Chancellor's most promising young researcher award. He is a Member of the South African Young Academy of Science (SAYAS). Prof. Nwulu is a Professional Engineer registered with the Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA), a Senior Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (SMIEEE), a Senior Member of the South African Institute of Electrical Engineers (SMSAIEE) and a Y-rated Researcher by the National Research Foundation of South Africa. Prof. Nwulu is the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Digital Food Energy and Water Systems (JD-FEWS), Associate Editor of the IET Renewable Power Generation (IET-RPG) and the African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development (AJSTID). Pitshou Ntambu Bokoro, Ph.D. is Associate Professor with the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa. He holds Senior Membership with the South African Institute of Electrical Engineers (SMSAIEE) as well as with the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (SMIEEE). He obtained a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Durban University of Technology, a Master‘s degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Johannesburg, and a Ph.D. degree from the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. He has published over 100 research papers (which include over 45 journal articles and 65 conference papers) in high-quality journals and peer-reviewed conference proceedings. He authored a couple of book chapters in reputed books published by IGI-Global and IET. He serves as a specialist editor in Energy and Power Systems for the SAIEE Africa Research Journal (ARJ). He has also performed several reviews for various prestigious journals, including IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, IEEE Access, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy systems (IJEPES/Elsevier), Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (AEEE), International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems (ITEES), Materials Today Proceedings (Elsevier), Journal of Engineering Design and Technology (JEDT), Engineering Failure Analysis (Elsevier), Power Engineering Letters, Measurement (Elsevier), Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (EETE), Journal of Energy in Southern Africa (JESA), Electric Power Systems Research Journal, Electronics MDPI, Energies MDPI, Microelectronics Reliability, Sustainability MDPI. He has supervised to completion over 18 postgraduate students (which include master's and doctoral students). His major research interests include renewable energy systems, power systems, power system reliability, distributed generation, surge arresters, insulation and dielectrics, power quality, condition monitoring, microgrids, internet of things and virtual sensing applications.

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