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English summary: In 1991, a contaminated blood scandal broke out in France: several hundred patients were infected with AIDS and Hepatitis C after being given blood products or blood transfusions. Blood bank administrators, particularly those of the French National Centre for Blood Transfusions and the public authorities, were accused of having failed to take the necessary precautions to protect the population.Often described as the first French health crisis, the infected blood scandal induced political leaders to revamp the French health administration in such a way as to make health products safer to use. What caused this crisis? Was it negligence? Were financial interests given greater weight than the need to protect public health? Should blood be considered a drug? A multitude of conflicts lie behind the ideal of blood transfusion as an expression of national solidarity. The author analyses the numerous malfunctions of the blood transfusion system resulting from the industrialisation of blood products, as well as from the divergent interests of doctors, blood transfusion companies, patients, blood donors and public authorities. This richly documented work is the first to offer a historical study of one of the most serious health crises in France. French description: En 1991 eclate en France le scandale du sang contamine: plusieurs centaines de malades sont contamines par le sida et l'hepatite C en recevant des derives sanguins et des transfusions de sang. Les dirigeants des etablissements de transfusion, en particulier ceux du Centre National de la Transfusion Sanguine, et les pouvoirs publics sont mis en cause pour ne pas avoir pris les precautions necessairespour protegerla population. Souvent presentee comme la premiere crise sanitaire francaise, l'affaire du sang contamine a conduit les responsables politiques a reorganiser l'administration sanitaire en France de maniere a accroitre la securite des produits de sante. Quelles sont les origines de cette crise ? Est-elle le resultat de negligences ? Les interets financiers l'ont-ils emporte sur la protection de la sante publique ? Faut-il considerer le sang comme un medicament ? Derriere l'ideal de la transfusion sanguine comme expression d'une solidarite nationale se dissimulent bien des conflits. Ce livre analyse les nombreux dysfonctionnements de l'organisation de la transfusion sanguine provoques par l'industrialisation des produits sanguins ainsi que par les interets divergents des medecins, des industriels de la transfusion, des malades, des donneurs de sang, des pouvoirs publics. Richement documente, il est le premier a proposer une etude historique de l'une des plus graves crises sanitaires francaises.

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9782251430256

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