Overview

In the aftermath of the Civil War, contemporary narratives about the American South pointed to the perceived lack of industrial development in the region to explain why the Confederacy succumbed to the Union. Even after the cliometric revolution of the 1970s, when historians first began applying statistical analysis to reexamine antebellum manufacturing output, the pervasive belief in the region's backward-ness prompted many scholars to view slavery, not industry, as the economic engine of the South. In Industrial Development and Manufacturing in the Antebellum Gulf South, historian Michael S. Frawley engages a wide variety of sources- including United States census data, which many historians have underutilized when gauging economic growth in the prewar South- to show how industrial development in the region has been systematically minimized by scholars. In doing so, Frawley reconsiders factors related to industrial production in the prewar South, such as the availability of natural resources, transportation, markets, labor, and capital. He contends that the Gulf South was far more industrialized and modern than suggested by census records, economic historians like Fred Bateman and Thomas Weiss, and contemporary travel writers such as Frederick Law Olmsted. Frawley situates the prewar South firmly in a varied and widespread industrial context, contesting the assumption that slavery inhibited industry in the region and that this lack of economic diversity ultimately prevented the Confederacy from waging a successful war. Though southern manufacturing firms could not match the output of northern states, Industrial Development and Manufacturing in the Antebellum Gulf South proves that such entities had established themselves as vital forces in the southern economy on the eve of the Civil War.

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9780807170687

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South Carolinian James Henry Hammond famously called the antebellum South, 'the cotton kingdom.' Michael Frawley's stimulating analysis offers a more dynamic understanding to the Gulf states on the eve of the Civil War. As he persuasively demonstrates, southern industry was extensive and fully integrated into the regional and national economies. A fresh corrective to older historical arguments, Industrial Development and Manufacturing in the Antebellum Gulf South is a noteworthy contribution to the history of capitalism in the slave states.--Richard Follett, author of The Sugar Masters: Planters and Slaves in Louisiana's Cane World, 1820-1860

Author Information

Michael S. Frawley is assistant professor of history at the University of Texas of the Permian Basin.

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