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Author:   Mielke ,  Konigsberg ,  Relethford
Publisher:   Oxford University Press Inc
Imprint:   Oxford University Press Inc
Edition:   2nd edition
Dimensions:   Width: 15.60cm , Height: 2.30cm , Length: 23.40cm
Weight:   0.700kg
ISBN:  

9780195387407

ISBN 10:   0195387406
Pages:   464
Publication Date:   17 March 2010
Audience:   College/higher education ,  Professional and scholarly ,  Undergraduate ,  Postgraduate, Research & Scholarly
Format:   Paperback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   To order  
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Table of Contents

"* = new to this edition Table of Contents Preface Section I: Background Chapter 1: Comprehending Human Biological Diversity: A Brief History The Beginnings of Western Classification Systems Classifying the Diversity A Shift in Racial Classifications Polygenism More Measuring of Skulls and the Ideal Type Typological Approach Mendelian Genetics Questioning the Usefulness of the Race Concept A Genetic Definition of Race Clines and Populations So, Where Are We Today? Chapter Summary Supplemental Resources Chapter 2: The Genetic Basis of Human Variation A Minimalist View of the Requirements for Inheritance via DNA Mitosis produces identical nuclear DNA in daughter cells Meiosis produces haploid daughter cells Human Chromosomes The Processes of Cell Division Mitosis Meiosis Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) The molecular composition of DNA Replication Transcription Translation From Genotype to Phenotype Dominance Mutation Substitutions Insertions and deletions Recombinations Translocations and non-disjunction Mutation frequencies Basic Transmission Genetics - The Mendelian Laws Mendel's First Law - segregation of alleles Mendel's Second Law - independent assortment of alleles Beyond Mendel Sex-linked inheritance Mitochondrial DNA What Is a Gene? *Explorations in Diversity: Telomere Length and Aging Chapter Summary Supplemental Resources Chapter 3: Population Genetics and Human Variation Probability Theory Probability rules Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Allele frequencies Expected genotype frequencies Why is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium important? How can we tell if a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Departures from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Multiple locus Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium Assortative mating Inbreeding Evolutionary Forces Mutation Selection Drift Migration Combining forces Chapter Summary Supplemental Resources Section II: Variation in Genes, Simple Genetic Traits, and DNA Markers Chapter 4: Blood Group Polymorphisms *Antigens, Antibodies, and the Immune System *The immune system *Innate immunity Acquired immunity (adaptive immunity) Genetic Polymorphisms in the Blood ABO, Hh (FUT1), Secretor (FUT2), and Lewis (FUT3) Systems The ABO histo-blood group system Hh (FUT1) and Bombay The secretor system (FUT2) The Lewis system (FUT3) *Explorations in Diversity: Histo-Blood Groups and Diet Geographical Distribution and Natural Selection of the ABO Histo-Blood Group System Cholera Syphilis (treponemal diseases) Plague Smallpox *Pathogen receptors Blood group associations Other possible selective factors and the ABO system The Rh System The Rh system and selection *Explorations in Diversity: Erythrocytes as Pathogen Decoys The MNSs Blood Group System The Duffy Blood Group System Other Blood Groups Chapter Summary Supplemental Resources Chapter 5: Serum Protein and Red Cell Enzymes Detection of Genetic Polymorphisms Some Plasma Proteins Haptoglobin (alpha-2-globulins) Transferrin (Tf) Group-specific component or vitamin D-binding protein Immunoglobulins (Gm-Am and Km) Apolipoproteins, Beta Lipoproteins, and Beta-2- Glycoproteins Other plasma proteins *Explorations in Diversity: Novel Ways to Explore Human Variation and Evolution Red Cell Enzymes Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Other enzyme systems of anthropological interest Exploring Population Structure with Classical Markers Example 1: The Irish travelers or tinkers Example 2: The origins of Indo-Europeans Chapter Summary Supplemental Resources Chapter 6: Human Leukocyte Antigen and Polymorphism The Major Histocompatibility Complex Location and Organization of the MHC Linkage Disequilibrium HLA and Disease Associations HLA and Population Diversity *Explorations in Diversity: HLA and Mate Choice? Chapter Summary Supplemental Resources Chapter 7: Human Hemoglobin Variants Beginnings of Hemoglobin Research The Hemoglobin Molecule and Hemoglobin Genes Hemoglobin Variants The Geographic Distribution of the Sickle Cell Allele How resistance to faliparum malaria works The Possibility of Differential Fertility Origin of the Sickle Cell Allele Other Hemoglobinopathies HbE (Hemoglobin E) HbC (Hemoglobin C) Other Hemoglobinopathies of anthropological interest Thalassemias Alpha-thalassemias Beta- thalassemias Thalassemia Haplotypes The Thalassemias and Natural Selection Chapter Summary Supplemental Resources *Chapter 8: Milk, Taste, and Cerumen Lactase Restriction and Persistence Taste: Phenylthiocarbamide (6-N-PROPYLTHIOURACIL) Variation in Ear Wax, or Cerumen Chapter Summary Supplemental Resources Chapter 9: DNA Markers Molecular Genetic Techniques and DNA Variation Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) Insertions and deletions (""indels"") Interspersed nuclear elements: SINEs and LINEs DNA sequencing Tandem repeats *Explorations in Diversity: Two DNA Vignettes from across the Globe *Copy number variants *American Indians The Cohen Modal Haplotype and the Diaspora How Many Races are Documented in Our DNA? DNA Markers and Individual Variation Thomas Jefferson and the descendants of Sally Hemmings Who is buried in Jesse James's grave? Chapter Summary Supplemental Resources Section III: Variation in Complex Traits and Other Variations Chapter 10: Quantitative Variation The Mendelian Basis for Quantitative Trait Variation Compontents of variation for a quantitative trait Estimation of Narrow Sense Heritability (h2) Narrow Sense Heritability of the Cephalic Index Multiple Quantitative Traits Evolution and Quantitative Traits Mutation Selection Genetic drift and migration *Explorations in Diversity: QTLs, LODs, and AIMs Chapter Summary Supplemental Resources Chapter 11: Anthropometric Variation Anthropometric Measures Body measures Skin folds Head measures Variation Within Populations Genetics *Explorations in Diversity: Can We Tell Race from Cranial Measurements? Human growth Aging Sexual dimorphism Environmental Variations Correlations with climate High-altitude adaptation *Explorations in Diversity: The Practical Value of Anthropometry Chapter Summary Supplemental Resources Chapter 12: Pigmentation Skin Color The biology of skin color *Explorations in Diversity: Skin and Hair Color of the Neandertals Variation in human skin color The Evolution of Human Skin Color Selection for dark skin Selection for light skin Other Aspects of Human Pigmentation Hair color Eye color Chapter Summary Supplemental Resources Section IV: Population Studies and Human Behaviors Chapter 13: Population Structure and Population History Genetic Distances Computing genetic distances The representation of genetic distances Population Structure Factors effecting population structure Case study: The Aland Islands *Explorations in Diversity: The Colonization of the Pacific Ocean Case Studies in Population History Admixture in African Americans The population history of Ireland *Global Genetic Diversity and the History of the Human Species Levels of genetic diversity Genetic distance Gene trees Neandertal DNA Chapter Summary Supplemental Readings Chapter 14: Genetics, Behavior, and Human Variation Human Behavioral Genetics Genetics, environment, and behavior Case Studies in Behavioral Genetics Dyslexia Sexual orientation IQ test scores Chapter Summary Supplemental Resources Glossary References Index"

Reviews

<br>This is the most up-to-date and comprehensive text on human variation I have seen. The authors use excellent examples to elucidate the role of evolutionary forces on human diversity, and they present complex concepts clearly. --Lori Baker, Baylor University (need permission to use quote as edited) <br><p><br> The authors provide an illuminating overview on the history of thinking about race and the classification schemes that have been applied in this arena...Importantly, the authors emphasize humans as social creatures, nothing that our capacity for culture has uniquely influenced our evolutionary trajectory. In most areas, the book is successful in reaching its goals, whereas others could leave readers unsatisfied. Nevertheless, this volume would be appropriate textbook for an upper-division undergraduate or graduate-level course. -- Brian Kemp, The Quarterly Review of Biology<p><br>

This is the most up-to-date and comprehensive text on human variation I have seen. The authors use excellent examples to elucidate the role of evolutionary forces on human diversity, and they present complex concepts clearly. --Lori Baker, Baylor University (need permission to use quote as edited) The authors provide an illuminating overview on the history of thinking about race and the classification schemes that have been applied in this arena...Importantly, the authors emphasize humans as social creatures, nothing that our capacity for culture has uniquely influenced our evolutionary trajectory. In most areas, the book is successful in reaching its goals, whereas others could leave readers unsatisfied. Nevertheless, this volume would be appropriate textbook for an upper-division undergraduate or graduate-level course. -- Brian Kemp, The Quarterly Review of Biology

This is the most up-to-date and comprehensive text on human variation I have seen. The authors use excellent examples to elucidate the role of evolutionary forces on human diversity, and they present complex concepts clearly. --Lori Baker, Baylor University (need permission to use quote as edited) The authors provide an illuminating overview on the history of thinking about race and the classification schemes that have been applied in this arena...Importantly, the authors emphasize humans as social creatures, nothing that our capacity for culture has uniquely influenced our evolutionary trajectory. In most areas, the book is successful in reaching its goals, whereas others could leave readers unsatisfied. Nevertheless, this volume would be appropriate textbook for an upper-division undergraduate or graduate-level course. -- Brian Kemp, <em> The Quarterly Review of Biology</em>

Author Information

James H. Mielke is Professor of Anthropology at the University of Kansas. Lyle W. Konigsberg is Professor of Anthropology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. John H. Relethford is Distinguished Teaching Professor of Anthropology at the State University of New York College at Oneonta.

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