Overview

1 Introduction Cortical development is a complex, tightly regulated process that eventually leads to the six-layered adult human neocortex, the substrate of the unique cognitive, emotional, and social abilities of our species. The basic mechanisms of early cortical development are believed to be very similar among mammals, which has led to a tendency of extrapolating experimental data from rodents on humans. Certain traits, such as the general pattern of forebrain regionalization and expression of region-speci?c genes, seem to be conserved among vertebrates (e. g. , Kammermeier and Reichert 2001; Puelles et al. 2000; Smith Fernandez et al. 1998; Abu-Kahlil et al. 2004). Furthermore, the idea of a basic uniformity of neocortical structure in all mammals, proposed by Rockel et al. (1980), has found wide acceptance. One of the recurrent themes of this monograph deals with exactly these questions: How similar are the developmental processes in lower mammals and in primates, in particular, in humans? Are there peculiarities in human cortical development which do not exist, or are not easily recognizable, in rodents? One of the most noticeable changes during evolution has been the dramatic increase in brain size, linked to the capacity to generate more neurons. The p- longed period of neurogenesis in anthropoid primates and humans makes possible a higher number of mitotic cycles, so that each dividing progenitor cell undergoes more rounds of cell divisions (Kornack and Rakic 1998). In mice, cortical p- genitors undergo 11 rounds of cell division (Takahashi et al.

Full Product Details

Author:   Gundela Meyer
Publisher:   Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG
Imprint:   Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
Edition:   2007 ed.
Volume:   189
Dimensions:   Width: 15.50cm , Height: 0.60cm , Length: 23.50cm
Weight:   0.207kg
ISBN:  

9783540366881

ISBN 10:   3540366881
Pages:   114
Publication Date:   05 December 2006
Audience:   Professional and scholarly ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Paperback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   Out of stock  
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Table of Contents

Materials and Methods.- The Anatomical Basis of Human Cortical Development.- Neuronal Miqration.- Compartments of the Cortical Wall.- The Cortical Hem: Signaling Center and Birthplace of CR Cells.- The Reelin-Dab1 Signaling Pathway.- The Cdk5/p35 Pathway.- LIS1 and DCX: Key Genes for Neuronal Migration and Cortical Folding.- ARX Deficiency: A Novel Type of Lissencephaly.- Final Considerations: The Unique Features of Human Brain Development.

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