Overview

This book creates a multidisciplinary forum of discussion on Ficus carica with particular emphasis on its horticulture, post-harvest, marketability, phytochemistry, extraction protocols, biochemistry, nutritional value, functionality, health-promoting properties, ethnomedicinal applications, technology and processing. The impact of traditional and innovative processing on the recovery of high-added value compounds from Ficus carica byproducts is extensively reported. Also, the text discusses the potential applications of Ficus carica in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products. Fig (Ficus carica): Production, Processing, and Properties illustrates a diversity of developments in food science and horticultural research including: Production, processing, chemistry, and functional properties of Ficus carica. Ficus carica phytochemicals and its health-promoting effects. Food, non-food and technological applications of Ficus carica. Recent research focuses on studying the bioactive compounds and therapeutic traits and investigating the mode of action and toxicological impacts of medical plant extracts and bioactive phytochemicals. Ficus carica is of significant importance due to its widespread food, industrial and medicinal applications. Although Ficus carica products are already commercially available in the international market, it is hard to find a reference work covering the production, processing, chemistry and properties of Ficus carica. This book will be the first publication focusing specifically on this important topic.

Full Product Details

Author:   Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan
Publisher:   Springer International Publishing AG
Imprint:   Springer International Publishing AG
Edition:   1st ed. 2023
Weight:   1.412kg
ISBN:  

9783031164927

ISBN 10:   303116492
Pages:   817
Publication Date:   21 February 2023
Audience:   Professional and scholarly ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   Manufactured on demand  
We will order this item for you from a manufactured on demand supplier.

Table of Contents

1 Introduction to Fig (Ficus carica): Production, Processing, and Properties Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt. E-mail: mframadan@zu.edu.eg E-mail: hassanienmohamed@gmail.com   Section 1. Fig (Ficus carica): Cultivation, species, and cultivars 2 Cultivars and agricultural practices of fig (Ficus carica) AMMAR, A. Research Unit on Agrobiodiversity (UR13AGR05), Higher Agronomic Institute, Chott-Mariem, IRESA - University of Sousse, Tunisia email: ammar_aroua@yahoo.fr Charafi, J. National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Meknes, Morocco email: jcharafi@gmail.com Ferraz, R.A. Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amazonas, Campus Itacoatiara, Estrada AM-010, Km 8, Itacoatiara, AM, Brazil Email: rafaelferraz86@hotmail.com Soliman, S.S. Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia Email: said_soliman@hotmail.com Gariglio, N. Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Kreder 2805, Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina Email: ngarigli@fca.unl.edu.ar   3 Fig (Ficus carica) production and yield Uzundumlu, A.S. Ataturk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Economics, Erzurum, Turkey Email: asuzsemih@atauni.edu.tr Gozlekci, S. Department of Horticulture, Antalya, Turkey Email: sgozlekci@akdeniz.edu.tr López-Corrales, M. Junta de Extremadura, Finca La Orden-Valdesequera Research Centre (CICYTEX), Horticulture, Autovía Madrid-Lisboa, s/n, Badajoz, Spain Email: margarita.lopez@juntaex.es   4 Fig (Ficus carica) production under hydroponics and greenhouse conditions Vargas-Canales, J.M. Departamento de Estudios Sociales. División de Ciencias Sociales y Administrativas Campus Celaya-Salvatierra, Universidad de Guanajuato, Privada de Arteaga s/n, Zona Centro. Salvatierra, Guanajuato, Mexico Email: jm.vargas@ugto.mx Shen, Y. Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China Email: sfmn@tom.com   5 Physiological behavior of fig (Ficus carica) cultivars Ammar, A. Research Unit on Agrobiodiversity, Higher Agronomic Institute, BP.47, Chott-Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia email: ammar_aroua@yahoo.fr Pakyürek, M. Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey Email: mine.pakyurek@siirt.edu.tr   6 Fig (Ficus carica) as a salt-tolerant fruit Natali, L. Department of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, Pisa, Italy Email: lucia.natali@unipi.it AbdAllatif, A.M. Pomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt Email: abdo.abdullatif@agr.cu.edu.eg   7 Fig (Ficus carica) genome Usai, G. Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy email: gabriele.usai@agr.unipi.it Wang, L. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Street Weigang 1, Nanjing, China email: wlj@njau.edu.cn Bandelj, D. Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, Koper, Slovenia Email: dunja.bandelj@upr.si Dalkiliç, Z. Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey Email: zdalkilic@adu.edu.tr   8 Genetic diversity of fig varieties Zhang, X. Horticulture Department, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China email: 1253467087@qq.com Charafi, J. National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), BO 578, Meknes, Morocco email: jcharafi@gmail.com Ikten, H. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey Email: hikten2@hotmail.com Salem, M.Z.M. Forestry and Wood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (ELShatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt Email: zidan_forest@yahoo.com Ferrara, G. Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via G. Amendola 165/A, Bari, Italy Email: giuseppe.ferrara@uniba.it Ganino, T. Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/a, Parma, Italy Email: tommaso.ganino@unipr.it   9 Phenotypic variability of fig (Ficus carica) Khadivi, A. Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran email: a-khadivi@araku.ac.ir Charafi, J. National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), P.O. Box 578, Meknes, Morocco Email: jcharafi@gmail.com   10 Morphological properties of fig (Ficus carica) Wang, X. College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China Email: 1714079559@qq.com Hanine, H. Faculty of Science and Technics, Laboratory of Bioprocess and Bio-Interfaces, Ctra.de Beniel, km 3.2, Beni-Mellal, Morocco Email: hafidahanine0@gmail.com Samarfard, S. Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia Email: samira.samarfard@yahoo.com   Section 2. Fig (Ficus carica): Chemistry, functionality and health-promoting properties 11 Composition and functional properties of fresh fig Arvaniti, O.S. Department of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Wine and Spirits Quality Control, Ionian University, Vergoti's Ave, Argostoli, Kefalonia, Greece Email: olga.arvan@teiion.gr Khadhraoui, M. Oases Aridoculture and Culture Laboratory, Arid Region Institute (IRA), Tunis, Tunisia Email: Khadhraoui.marwa88@gmail.com Serradilla, M.J. Instituto Tecnológico Agroalimentario de Extremadura (INTAEX-CICYTEX), Área de Vegetales, Junta de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, Badajoz, Spain Email: manuserradilla@gmail.com Alamgeer, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan Email: alamgeer@uos.edu.pk López, S.N. Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina Email: slopez@fbioyf.unr.edu.ar Mostapha Bachir bey Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria Email: bachirbeymustapha@gmail.com   12 Composition of fig (Ficus carica) seeds Nakilcioğlu Taş, E. Ege University, Faculty of Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey Email: emine.nakilcioglu@ege.edu.tr   13 Fig (Ficus carica) oil Fakayode, S.O. Department of Chemistry, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States Email: sofakayo@ncat.edu Soltana, H. Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05 Nutrition-Functional Foods, and Vascular Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia Email: halasolty@hotmail.fr   14 Fig (Ficus carica) pectin   Gharibzahedi, S.M.T. Young Researchers and Elite Club, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran Email: gharibzahedi@ut.ac.ir   15 Composition and functional properties of fig (Ficus carica) peel Ferreira, I.C.F.R. Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal Email: iferreira@ipb.pt   16 Composition and functional properties of fig (Ficus carica) phenolics Fu, Y.-H. Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China Email: fuyanhui80@163.com Khiari, R. University of Monastir, Faculty of Sciences, UR13 ES 63-Research Unity of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Avenue of the environment, Monastir, Tunisia Email: Khiari_ramzi2000@yahoo.fr Meziant, L. Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria Email: lilameziant@rocketmail.com Flamini, R. Council for Agricultural Research and Economics – Viticulture & Oenology (CREA-VE), Viale XXVIII Aprile 26, Conegliano, TV, Italy Email: riccardo.flamini@crea.gov.it Debib, A. SNV Faculty, BPC Department, Blida 1 University, Blida, Algeria Email: a_debib@yahoo.fr Wojdyło, A. Department of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego Street, Wroclaw, Poland Email: aneta.wojdylo@up.wroc.pl   17 Fig (Ficus carica) minerals Potortì, A.G. MIFT Department, Università di Messina (Italy), Viale F. S. d'Alcontres, Messina, Italy  email: agpotorti@unime.it   18 Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of different fig cultivars Martín, A. Food Science and Nutrition, School of Agricultural Engineering, University of Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, Badajoz, Spain email: amartin@unex.es   19 Ficain (Ficin)   Fernandez-Lafuente, R. ICP-CSIC, C/Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain Email: rfl@icp.csic.es Hwang, H.S. School of Cosmetic Science and Beauty Biotechnology, Semyung University, Jecheon, South Korea Email: hshwang@semyung.ac.kr Duraipandiyan, V. Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, India Email: avdpandiyan@yahoo.co.in   20 Bioactive compounds of fig (Ficus carica) Barros, L. Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal Email: lillian@ipb.pt   21 Physicochemical and nutritional characterization of breba Martín, A. University Institute of Agricultural Resources (INURA), University of Extremadura, Avda. de Elvas, s/n, Badajoz, Spain Email: amartin@unex.es   22 Health-promoting effects of fig Nadia, M.E. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Menara B, Persiaran MPAJ, Jalan Pandan Utama, Pandan Indah, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Email: nadia@usim.edu.my Park, S.J. School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, South Korea Email: sejinpark@kangwon.ac.kr Nadia, M.E. Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Menara B, Persiaran MPAJ, Jalan Pandan Utama, Pandan Indah, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Email: nadia@usim.edu.my Fouad, D. Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, PO, Saudi Arabia Email: dibrahim@ksu.edu.sa   23 Fig volatiles Romano, A. Centro para os Recursos Biológicos e Alimentos Mediterrânicos (MeditBio), Universidade do Algarve, Edf. 8, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal Email: aromano@ualg.pt Martín, A. Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, Badajoz, Spain Email: amartin@unex.es Caporaso, N. Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food Science and Technology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Parco Gussone Ed. 84, Via Università 100, Portici (NA), Italy Email: nicola.caporaso3@unina.it Magiatis, P. Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece Email: magiatis@pharm.uoa.gr Trad, M. Laboratory of Horticulture, National Institute for Agricultural Research, INRAT, 2049 Rue Hédi Karray, Ariana, Tunisia Email: mh.trad@yahoo.com Soltana, H. Biochemistry Laboratory, Research Laboratory LR12ES05: Lab-NAFS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia Email: halasolty@hotmail.fr   24 Composition and properties of dried fig Aksoy, U. Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Bornova, Iİzmir, Turkey email: uygun.aksoy@gmail.com Dumitru, M.G. University of Craiova, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 107i Calea Bucuresti, Craiova, Romania Email: dummgs@yahoo.com Celik, I. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic; Science Faculty, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey Email: icelik@yyu.edu.tr Pourghayoumi, M. Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Email: Pourghayoumi@phd.guilan.ac.ir Esra Capanoglu Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey Email: capanogl@itu.edu.tr   25 Fig (Ficus carica) leaves: composition and functional properties Abe, T. Toyo Institute of Food Technology, Kawanishi, Japan Email: tatsuya_abe@shokuken.or.jp Mohamed, A.H. Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt Email: azza@ufl.edu Zhang, Y. Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China email: zyin1973@163.com Kurniawan, M.F. School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia email: fariez@umy.ac.id Darmanto, W. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia Email: windarmanto@fst.unair.ac.id Nirwana, I. Department of Dental Material, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia Email: intan-n@fkg.unair.ac.id Benslama, A. Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of M’sila, M’sila, Algeria Email: benslama_abderrahim@hotmail.fr Iqbal, F. Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, BahaudDin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan Email: furhan.iqbal@bzu.edu.pk Bouaziz, M. Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et Environnement, Ecole national d'ingénieur de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP, Tunisia Email: mohamed.bouaziz@fsg.rnu.tn   26 Composition and health-promoting effects of fig (Ficus carica) extracts Hassan, E.E. Genetics and Cytology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt Email: entesarhassen@yahoo.com Ladhari, A. Laboratoire GREEN-TEAM (LR17AGR01), Université de Carthage, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie (INAT), 43 avenue Charles Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisia Email: afef.ladh@yahoo.fr Rtibi, K. Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorisation, Bioressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Beja, Tunisia Email: rtibikais@yahoo.fr   27 Genotoxic and antimutagenic activity of Ficus carica extracts Vishnu Priya, V. Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Email: drvishnupriyav@gmail.com   28 Composition and biological activities of Ficus carica latex Ashrafi, G.H. Kingston University London, Cancer theme, School of Life Science, Pharmacy and Chemistry, SEC Faculty, Kingston upon Thames, London, United Kingdom Email: H.ashrafi@kingston.ac.uk Abdel-Aty, A.M. El Buhouth St, Cairo, Dokki, Egypt Email: azzasdm@hotmail.com Lazreg-Aref, H. Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05 “Nutrition-Functional Foods and Vascular Health”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia Email: houdalazreg@yahoo.com Polovic, N.D. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, Serbia Email: polovicn@chem.bg.ac.rs Tempesta, M. Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Sp. Casamassima km 3, Valenzano, BA, Italy Email: maria.tempesta@uniba.it   Section 3. Fig (Ficus carica): Technology, processing, and applications 29 Dehydration of green fig (Ficus carica) de Mello Jr, R.E. Department of Food Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil Email: Ronaldo_uba@hotmail.com İçelli, O. Yildiz Technical University, Arts and Sciences Faculty, Department of Physics, Davutpasa, Istanbul, Turkey Email: oicelli@yildiz.edu.tr Öztürk, H.K. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey Email: hkozturk@pau.edu.tr Serradilla, M.J. Instituto Tecnológico Agroalimentario de Extremadura (INTAEX-CICYTEX), Área de Vegetales, Junta de Extremadura, Avda, Adolfo Suárez s/n, Badajoz, Spain Email: manuel.serradilla@gobex.es   30 Fig drying technologies Fudholi, A. Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia Email: a.fudholi@ukm.edu.my Öztürk, H.K. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey Email: hkozturk@pau.edu.tr Demopoulos, V. Technological Educational Institute of Peloponnese, Department of Agricultural Technology, Kalamata, Greece Email: vdimo@teikal.gr  Bernardi, B. Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Loc. Feo di Vito, Reggio Calabria, Italy Email: bruno.bernardi@unirc.it   31 Fig juice Harzallah, A. Biochemistry Laboratory, Research Laboratory LR12ES05: Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food and Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine-University of Monastir, Tunisia Email: harzallaharij@yahoo.fr   32 Fig jam Caetano, P.K. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA), Departamento de Horticultura, Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, Caixa Postal: 237, Botucatu/SP, Brazil Email: prikarim@gmail.com   33 Fig shelf life Sajid, M.W. Department of BioSciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal, Pakistan Email: muhammad.wasim@cuisahiwal.edu.pk Meza-Velázquez, J.A. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Articulo 123 s/n Fraccionamiento Filadelfia, Gómez Palacio, Dgo, Mexico Email: jorgemezav68@gmail.com   34 Chemistry and functionality of processed fig Caetano, P.K. Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” – UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Email: prikarim@gmail.com   35 Postharvest practices of fig (Ficus carica) Córdoba, M.D.G. Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, Badajoz, Spain Email: mdeguia@unex.es Lee, J. Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea Email: JL425@cau.ac.kr Lin, Q. Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China Email: linqiong1026@126.coman Cantín, C.M. IRTA, Insitut de Reserca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaria, Lleida, Lleida, Spain Email: cmcantin@cita.aragon.es Gaaliche, B. Laboratory of Horticulture, National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), IRESA-University of Carthage, Hédi Karray Street, 1004 El Menzah, Tunis, Tunisia Email: gaalichebadii@gmail.com ValizadehKaji, B. Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran Email: valizadehkaji@yahoo.com Adiletta, G. Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano, SA, Italy Email: luigizampella@live.it De Medeiros Câmara, F.M. Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil Email: mickaelmedeiros@hotmail.com   36 Effects of packaging on the quality of fig Li, D. Department of Beijing Key Laboratory of Printing and Packaging Materials and Technology, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, China Email: lidongli6666@126.com Özcan, M. Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey Email: muozcan@omu.edu.tr Allegra, A. Department of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences – Università degli Studi di Palermo - Viale delle Scienze, ed.4, ingresso, Palermo, Italy Email: alessio.allegra@unipa.it Martín, A. Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, Badajoz, Spain Email: amartin@unex.es   37 Edible films in fig preservation Meza-Velázquez, J.A. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Articulo 123 s/n Fraccionamiento Filadelfia, Gómez Palacio, Durango, Mexico Email: jorgemezav68@gmail.com Inglese, P. Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy Email: paolo.inglese@unipa.it   38 Nanoparticles from Ficus carica extracts Cong, H.-L. Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China Email: yubingcong198@yahoo.com Aksu Demirezen, D. Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Erciyes University, Talas, Kayseri, Turkey Email: dademirezen@gmail.com Acay, H. Department of Nutrition and Dietetic, School of Health, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey Email: hilalacay@gmail.com Jacob, S.J.P. Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Email: drjpjacob@gmail.com   39 Fig jelly de Souza, V.R. Department of Food Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil Email: vanessa.souza@ufla.br   40 Composition and applications of Fig byproducts Prado-Barragán, L.A. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Departamento de Biotecnología, San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Ciudad de México, Mexico Email: lapb@xanum.uam.mx   41 Fig by-products in water treatment Moussa, I. University of Monastir, Faculty of Sciences, UR13 ES 63-Research Unity of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Monastir, Tunisia Email: moussa.ibtissem@hotmail.fr   42 Fig applications in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals Turkoglu, M. Biota Laboratories R&D Center, Sancaktepe, Turkey Email: mturkoglu@biotalab.com  

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Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan is a Professor in the Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture at Zagazig University in Zagazig, Egypt

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