Existence of Internal and External Valences in Chemical Clusters

Author:   Prof Enos Masheija Rwantale Kiremire
Publisher:   LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN:  

9786206768173


Pages:   116
Publication Date:   01 July 2025
Format:   Paperback
Availability:   Available To Order   Availability explained
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Existence of Internal and External Valences in Chemical Clusters


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Overview

The chemical clusters analyzed and categorized in this book demonstrate the fact that the driving force behind the chemical reactions is the desire for the nodal points of each chemical element in the cluster ATTAINS A NOBLE GAS CONFIGURATION. Just like a hydrogen ligand (H), a skeletal linkage to a nodal point in a cluster behaves as SINGLE ELECTRON DONOR. Regarding electron counting at a NODAL POINT, it has been found easier to consider electrons on the skeletal element as an INTERNAL VALENCY ( V1 ) AND THOSE DONATED BY SKELETAL LINKAGES AND LIGANDS AS EXTERNAL VALENCE (V2). The sum of V1+V2=8 FOR MAIN GROUP ELEMENTS, V1+V2=18 FOR TRANSITION ELEMENTS AND V1+V2=32 FOR LANTHANIDES/ACTINIDES. A wide range of examples to illustrate this concept for main group and transition elements are provided in this book.

Full Product Details

Author:   Prof Enos Masheija Rwantale Kiremire
Publisher:   LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Imprint:   LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Dimensions:   Width: 15.20cm , Height: 0.70cm , Length: 22.90cm
Weight:   0.163kg
ISBN:  

9786206768173


ISBN 10:   6206768171
Pages:   116
Publication Date:   01 July 2025
Audience:   General/trade ,  General
Format:   Paperback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   Available To Order   Availability explained
We have confirmation that this item is in stock with the supplier. It will be ordered in for you and dispatched immediately.

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