Overview

In the 1970s, it was believed that a third of humanity lived in countries considered to be socialist. Today, there are no countries considered socialist or claiming to be advancing toward socialism. This book explains this reality through a critique of socialist theories, starting with those of Marx and Engels. The argument is anchored in the study of the Iranian revolution of 1979 and the Cuban revolution of 1959. The book concludes with a revision of Marx and Engels' theory of society and history, historical materialism, based on the knowledge gained in fields such as archaeology, anthropology, biology, and the worldviews of hunter-gatherers, as well as the worldviews of indigenous peoples, utilizing ecological animistic materialism instead of the nineteenth-century materialism.

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Reviews

A compelling book, Kamran Nayeri's thoughtful reassessment of socialist theory and history invites readers to rethink what revolution and socialism mean in the 21st century. An essential reading for understanding the path from capitalism to socialism--and the roadblocks along the way."" Anthoney Gabb, professor emeritus of economics, St. John's University.

Author Information

Kamran Nayeri, Ph.D. is a political economist who taught and researched for 30 years at State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, University of California, Berkeley, and Office of the President, University of California. He has been a socialist since 1971 and has developed the theory of Ecocentric Socialism.

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