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OverviewA history of ""priming"" research that analyzes the field's underlying assumptions and experimental protocols to shed new light on a contemporary crisis in social psychology. In 2012, a team of Belgian scientists reported that they had been unable to replicate a canonical experiment in the field of psychology known as ""priming."" The original experiment, performed by John Bargh in the nineties, purported to show that words connoting old age unconsciously influenced—or primed—research subjects, causing them to walk more slowly. When researchers could not replicate these results, Nobel-winning psychologist Daniel Kahneman warned of ""a train wreck looming"" if Bargh and his colleagues could not address doubts about their work. Since then, the inability to replicate other well-known priming experiments has helped precipitate an ongoing debate over what has gone wrong in psychology, raising fundamental questions about the soundness of research practices in the field. Anatomy of a Train Wreck offers the first detailed history of priming research from its origins in the early 1980s to its recent collapse. Ruth Leys places priming experiments in the context of contemporaneous debates not only over the nature of automaticity but also the very foundations of social psychology. While these latest discussions about priming have largely focused on methodology—including sloppy experimental practices, inadequate statistical methods, and publication bias—Leys offers a genealogy of the theoretical expectations and scientific paradigms that have guided and motivated priming research itself. Examining the intellectual strategies of scientists, their responses to criticism, and their assumptions about the nature of subjectivity, Anatomy of a Train Wreck raises crucial questions about the evidence surrounding unconscious influence and probes the larger stakes of the replication crisis: psychology's status as a science. Full Product DetailsAuthor: Ruth LeysPublisher: The University of Chicago Press Imprint: University of Chicago Press Weight: 0.454kg ISBN: 9780226836935ISBN 10: 0226836932 Pages: 416 Publication Date: 05 December 2024 Audience: Professional and scholarly , Professional & Vocational Format: Hardback Publisher's Status: Forthcoming Availability: Awaiting stock  Table of ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction Prime Time in Social Psychology The Replication Crisis “If you want to understand any scientific work properly, you need to know its history” Basic Assumptions Outline of the Book 1. The Rise of Attribution Research Fritz Heider and the Causes of Social Interaction The Contributions of Edward E. Jones and Keith E. Davis to Attribution Research Harold Kelley and the Situation/Disposition Debate The Growth of Attribution Research “Telling More Than We Can Know”: Attribution and the Limits of Introspection The “Why” Question: Are Reasons Causes? 2. Intentions and Causes “Baseball and Hot Sauce” Reasons versus Causes Anscombe versus Davidson on Intentional Action Agent Causation versus Event Causation Does Social Psychology Need a New Paradigm? The Two Social Psychologies, or, Whatever Happened to the Crisis? 3. John Bargh’s Approach to Automaticity Subliminal Perception Becomes “Unconscious Priming” Is Automaticity Its Own Thing, and If Not, What Is the Recipe? A Features or Graded Approach to Automaticity? Bargh’s Auto-motive Theory, or, How Intentions and Goal Pursuits Came Apart Prinz’s Ideomotor Theory of Automaticity Does the Environment Trigger Goal Pursuits Independently of Intentions? The Elderly Priming Experiment 4. “The Unbearable Automaticity of Being” Bargh’s Manifesto The Automaticity of Everyday Life Automaticity, Attention, and Control Skilled Action Must Automatic Actions Be Inflexible? 5. The Chameleon Effect Postural Mimicry and Automaticity Imitation as an Intentional-Communicative Action Imitation When We Are Alone How Bargh and Chartrand Misunderstood Bavelas’s Experiments The Limits of Contagion Emotional Mimicry The Contextual Sensitivity of Mimicry The Sociality of Chameleons, or, The Watching Eyes Effect Alan Alda’s Intentions 6. A Theory in Crisis? Unconscious Thought Theory The “One-to-Many” or “Many Effects of One Prime” Problem Bargh under Fire and the Problem of Selectivity The Power of the Situation Agency and the Legacy of Cognitive Psychology 7. The Fate of Priming Doyen et al.’s (2012) Failed Replication and Its Aftermath Hidden Moderators: “The Ultimate Attribution Error”? The Historical Sensitivity of Priming Outcomes “There might be deep and substantive limits to both the replicability and the generalizability of . . . social priming effects” 8. “Behavioral Priming: It’s All in the Mind, but Whose Mind?” Experimenter Expectancy What Explains Experimenter Expectancy and Demand Effects? Kenneth Bowers’s “Dissociated Control” Theory of Hypnosis “The question ‘Why’ has and yet has not application” Bargh on Priming and Hypnosis Priming and Expectancy Effects The Long Legacy of Nisbett and Wilson (1977): What Is Consciousness For? Consciousness as Rationalization Conclusion: The Two Camps Appendix: Bargh on Unconscious Intentionality References IndexReviews“Leys provides a thrilling intellectual history of the rise and fall of research on the automaticity of everyday behavior and exposes how highly acclaimed science went astray. The idea that individual agency is an illusion, documented by priming effects and propagated in the media worldwide, turned out to be an illusion itself. A meticulously researched, critical, and eye-opening book.” -- Gerd Gigerenzer, Max Planck Institute for Human Development """Leys provides a thrilling intellectual history of the rise and fall of research on the automaticity of everyday behavior and exposes how highly acclaimed science went astray. The idea that individual agency is an illusion, documented by priming effects and propagated in the media worldwide, turned out to be an illusion itself. A meticulously researched, critical, and eye-opening book.""--Gerd Gigerenzer, Max Planck Institute for Human Development" Author InformationRuth Leys is professor emerita of the humanities at Johns Hopkins University. She is the author of Trauma: A Genealogy, From Guilt to Shame: Auschwitz and After, The Ascent of Affect: Genealogy and Critique, and Newborn Imitation: The Stakes of a Controversy. Tab Content 6Author Website:Countries AvailableAll regions |
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