Overview

Computational fluid dynamics, popularly abbreviated as CFD is one of the most nur-tured subjects and has been taken into research interest fascinatingly over the years. The term 'fluid' literally means the thing which can flow and it technically encom-passes liquids and gases, the two states of matter. The subject computational fluid dynamics describes all the physical laws that govern the flow of liquids and gases and ultimately help us to recognize the causes and effects of fluid flow. Fluid flow is governed by three physical principles; 1. conservation of mass, 2. conservation of momentum and 3. conservation of energy. Based on these physical principles a set of nonlinear coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) are constructed which are popularly known as Navier-Stokes equations. The research area of this subject includes any process which involves transport phenomena within the fluid and one such phenomena is thermal energy transportation through heat transfer. It is rec-ognized that thermal energy can be transferred through conduction, convection and radiation or any combination of these three modes. The process of thermal energy transportation by the joint effects of conduction (and radiation) and the motion of fluid which is characterized as convection or convective heat transfer.

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