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Excerpt from A Production System Modeling High-Level Visual Perspective Information for Spatial Layout The variety of existing and potential visual systems is enormous. In particular, there are fundamental differences, both in their constituent elements and in their organization, between biological and computer vision systems. Nevertheless, if a vision system is to perform certain functions, there are certain problems that it must solve. The function of object recognition, for example, must deal with the problem that a three-dimensional solid object has differing two-dimensional optical projections when viewed from differing points of observation. Functions such as locomotion and object manipulation that require the system to interact with its environment must solve the problem of determining the three-dimensional spatial layout of relevant portions of the environment based on one or more two-dimensional optical projections. The difficulty that researchers have had inunderstanding biological vision systems. And in creating computer vision systems is due in large part to the difficulty of the problems that such systems must solve. Problems such as those referred to above would be completely intractable were it not for the existence of predictable regularities in the environments within which vision systems must function. Biological vision systems are closely adapted, through evolution and learning, to the characteristics of their natural environments. Most existing computer vision systems function within rigorously controlled environments, but this control must be loosened if the range of functions of these systems is to be extended. A broad underlying problem for any vision system is how to make use of reliable environmental constraints to overcome the inherent ambiguity that arises in the optical projection from three dimensions onto two. The relations that map combinations of environmental constraints and two dimensional optical projections onto three-dimensional environments constitute a solution space within which any vision system must operate. This solution space exists independently of any particular vision system in the same way that, for example, aerodynamics exists independently of the birds and aircraft whose flight depends upon their successful incorporation of aerodynamic principles. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

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