Awards

• Winner of Yorkshire Post Literary Award Book of the Year Category 1993
• Winner of Yorkshire Post Literary Award Book of the Year Category 1993.

Overview

‘Magisterial … As engagingly readable as a good novel’ Observer The definitive biography of Generalissimo Francisco Franco, from the acclaimed historian Paul Preston. Francisco Franco was the Caudillo of Spain, leading the Nationalists' brutal, Fascist-sponsored victory over the Republican government in the Spanish Civil War and ruling Spain as dictator from 1939 to 1975. The biography presents a mass of new and unknown material about its subject, the fruits of research in the archives of six countries and a plethora of interviews with key figures.

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9780006862109

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Reviews

A definitive but dull biography of the least known of Europe's 20th-century dictators. Preston (International History/London School of Economics) makes some significant changes in the generally received portrait of Franco that has come down to us. He portrays Franco as admired by his troops in Spanish Morocco, where he spent ten of his early military years, for his thoroughness and his insistence on always leading assaults personally. In the Spanish Civil War itself, however, he was prodigal with his soldiers' lives, as he deliberately waged a war of attrition designed to kill as many enemy soldiers as possible rather than to win quick victories. Preston believes that the ruthlessness and exemplary use of terror Franco learned in Africa dominated both his political and military conduct. His ferocity in getting rid of rivals was exceeded only by his executions of tens of thousands of Republican supporters during and after the war (he would sign sheaves of execution notices while in his car, without reading the details). Preston's most interesting new material derives from his analysis of Franco's relationship with Hitler and Mussolini. Admirers of Franco have seized on Churchill's praise of the Spaniard for not joining the Axis powers in 1940, despite the aid he had received from Germany and Italy during the Civil War. In truth, Preston shows, Franco was eager to get into the war, particularly when he thought that the Germans were winning, but only if he received economic aid. It was Hitler's reluctance or inability to pay Franco's price, rather than Franco's shrewdness, that scuttled negotiations. Although Preston omits some of the context in which Franco operated - notably the atrocities committed by the Republican forces opposing him - Franco emerges as an extraordinarily unlovable figure, cunning, with a hunger for adulation and an icy cruelty. Careful and thorough, if uninspired, and likely to remain the standard biography in English for some time to come. (Kirkus Reviews)

Francisco Franco was the longest-lived of Europe's 20th-century dictators. Capable of acts of medieval barbarity he was also an astute politician who skilfully negotiated Spain's neutrality during World War II and presided over the country's 'economic miracle' in the 1950s and '60s. To his supporters he was a heroic figure in the tradition of El Cid; to his critics he was a monster who inflicted 40 years of clerical fascism and military repression on Spain. Paul Preston's long and magisterial biography, while far from exonerating Franco, is a most comprehensive, balanced account of his life. A must for any serious student of modern Spanish history and 20th-century politics in general. (Kirkus UK)

Author Information

Paul Preston is Príncipe de Asturias Professor of Contemporary Spanish History and Director of the Cañada Blanch Centre of Contemporary Spanish Studies at the LSE. He was lecturer at the University of Reading then successively lecturer in, reader in and Professor of History at Queen Mary College, University of London. In 2006 he was awarded the International Ramon Llull Prize by the Catalan Government. Among his many works are The Triumph of Democracy in Spain (1986), Franco: A Biography (1993), A Concise History of the Spanish Civil War (1996), Comrades (1999), Doves of War: Four Women in Spain (2002), Juan Carlos (2004) and The Spanish Civil War (2006). He was decorated by Spanish King Juan Carlos a ‘Comendador de la Orden de Mérito Civil’ and in 2007, the ‘Gran Cruz de la Orden de Isabel la Católica’. In 2000 he was awarded a CBE.

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