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James Sully (1842-1923) was an English psychologist born in Bridgwater, Somerset, the son of J W Sully, a liberal Baptist merchant and ship-owner. He was educated at the Independent College in Taunton, Regents Park College, the University of Gottingen where he studied under Lotze, and at Humboldt University in Berlin where he studied under DuBois-Reymond and Helmholtz. Sully was originally destined for the nonconformist ministry and in 1869 became classical tutor at the Baptist College in Pontypool. However, in 1871 he adopted a literary and philosophic career, and from 1892-1903 he was Grote Professor of the Philosophy of Mind and Logic at University College London. As an adherent of the associationist school of psychology his views had great affinity with those of Alexander Bain, and he wrote monographs on such subjects as pessimism, and also psychology textbooks, some of the first in English, including The Human Mind (1892). His work Illusions (1881) was commended by both Freud and Wundt. Sully opened an experimental psychology laboratory at UCL in January 1898, and in 1901 he was one of the founder members of the British Psychological Society, personally calling the meeting at which the Society was formed. In Studies of Childhood (1896) Sully provides an analysis of the child's mental development from infancy through early childhood in categories including play and imagination, language from early babbling to sentence-building, thought and concepts, emotional life (particularly fear), morality and discipline, and drawing, providing a compelling portrait of what it is like to live in the mind of a child. The work is compiled from both collected anecdotes and published sources, and includes a large number of children's first attempts at drawing, predominantly of the human figure.

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