Overview

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Variability in pathogenesis and complex pathophysiology often delay diagnosis and create significant challenges for clinical studies in this group of critically ill patients. Mainly for those reasons, there is no therapy approved so far to overcome the underlying immune dysregulation. This book provides an overview about the state of the art of sepsis diagnostics and potential future therapies. Chapter 1 focuses on the immunologic staging of sepsis—the key for successful treatment of the dysregulated hot response. Chapter 2 reveals similarities in the immune response in sepsis and cancer—opening new avenues for novel therapies. Chapter 3 introduces an important modulator of the immune response—the endogenous cannabinoid system and elucidates its role in organ dysfunction in sepsis. Facing the increasing bacterial resistance to classical antibiotics, Chapter 4 discusses two unique mechanisms to treat infection and inflammation in sepsis: iron chelation, and the sphingosine pathway. The authors, all experts in experimental and clinical sepsis research, seek to provide further understanding of the complexities of the immune response as the physiological basis for the development of new therapeutics in sepsis.

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9781615047567

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Dr. Christian Lehmann is Professor of Anesthesia, Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, and Physiology and Biophysics at Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. He is also Staff Anesthesiologist in the Department of Anesthesia, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax. Dr. Lehmann has 25 years of experience in experimental and clinical inflammation research. He established experimental intravital imaging laboratories in Berlin and Greifswald, Germany. His focus of research is the microcirculation, i.e., capillary blood flow, cell-cell-interactions, and endothelial pathology. He participated in diverse German and international clinical multicenter trials, e.g., in sepsis. He joined Dalhousie University in 2007 and currently supervises research in three laboratories with modern equipment to study the microcirculation under various conditions experimentally and clinically. He is the author of more than 150 original publications, 13 book chapters and almost 200 published abstracts. He is a member of the Dalhousie Inflammation Group (DIG), the Microcirculation Diagnostics and Applied Studies (MiDAS) research group and the Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research (CFTR) group. In 2009, he founded the RESIST (Research in the Endocannabinoid System in Inflammation, Sepsis and Trauma) group with Dr. Melanie Kelly and others at Dalhousie University. Dr. Juan Zhou is Associate Professor of Anaesthesia, Pain Management, and Perioperative Medicine at Dalhousie University. She received her M.D. from Xian Medical University in 1986, and practiced as an ophthalmologist at the Shaanxi Provincial Hospital in China. After moving to Canada, Dr. Zhou obtained her M.Sc. in Biology in 1993 and her Ph.D. in Immunology in 2001 from Dalhousie University. Dr. Zhou's principal research interests are in immunomodulation in transplantation tolerance and inflammation. Her current research focus is investigating the role of the endocannabinoid system in inflammatory disorders including experimental sepsis, central nerve system injury-induced immunosuppression, and interstitial cystitis. Dr. Zhou has over 60 peer-reviewed scientific journal publications, books, and book chapters. She is an avid badminton player, and she enjoys canoeing through the lakes of Nova Scotia. Charles C. Caldwell, Ph.D., is Professor of Surgery at the University of Cincinnati. Professor Caldwell received his B.A. in Chemistry from the University of California, San Diego, and in 1998, completed a Ph.D. in Biochemistry at San Diego State University. He subsequently conducted his post-doctoral studies at the Laboratory of Immunology, NIAID at the NIH campus in Bethesda, Maryland. He joined the University of Cincinnati in 2003. Professor Caldwell's research interests are centered on characterizing and developing therapies to influence the host response to sepsis and trauma. He has published over 85 peer-reviewed manuscripts and reviews. Professor Caldwell's studies have been funded by the National Institutes of Health, Shriner's Hospitals of North America, Department of Defense, and Pfizer. He is the director of the basic and translational research division within the Department of Surgery, research member of the Shriner's Hospital for Children at Cincinnati, and graduate faculty in Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center.

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