Overview

A woodland a h b t t where trees are th dominant l nt form. Th individual tr n g n r ll overlap and nt rl nk, often f rm ng a m r r l nt nu u n which h d th gr und to v r ng degrees. However, w dl nd r not ju t tr ! D nd ng n the amount f l ght reaching th ground through the tree n , th r will b a gr t variety f th r plants. These will include mosses, f rn nd l h n , as w ll m ll fl w r ng herbs, gr nd shrubs. Th more d ff r nt k nd f plants there r , th gr t r the animal diversity w ll b n the w dl nd. This w ll r ng fr m a v r t f herbivores f d ng n th d ff r nt l nt , t th rn v r wh h th provide f d f r. Pl nt f r tt ng w d nd d ng leaf l tt r offer an alternative f d source f r a t gg r ng v r t of nv rt br t . Th h r u nt t f dead organic m t r l r nt m n th t a w lth f decomposing rg n m , such as fungi nd b t r also ur n woods. A w dl nd wh h is l nt d, rather th n having r n n tur ll , termed a l nt t n. Pl nt t n m n g d f r timber r du t n (f r tr ) r sometimes ll d 'f r t ' n common usage. In Engl nd, th term 'F r t' (capital F) r f r to n r wh r the K ng/Qu n h th right to k deer nd t make F r t Laws. W dl nd vary gr tl d nd ng on the d m n nt tr m k ng u the w d, as well on th ng b tw n individual tr . Th tw factors will d t rm n th m unt of l ght penetrating thr ugh th m n l f canopy nd r h ng th w dl nd floor. The m r light v l bl beneath th trees, the greater th numb r f other plant which w ll l b able to grow w th n the w dl nd. Different tree have l f n which v r n their d n t nd thickness. If you l k at the ground beneath a t ll, mature B h tr , u w ll u u ll find a l rg ring of bare ground wh r l ttl growing. This a r ult of th dense h d cast b th tr ' th k canopy of l v (l ft). In ntr t, A h trees, wh h have f n l d v d d * m und leaves nd a mu h l d n canopy, w ll permit th growth f a gr t r v r t f l nt b n th th m. Compound l v r l v which r m d u f a number f d ff r nt l fl t . In woodlands, tree spacing is determined n tur ll as a r ult f competition b tw n nd v du l tree dl ng f r necessities such as , light, nutr nt nd water. In l nt t n , th spacing will b determined b how close together th trees w r originally l nt d nd wh th r n f th nt rm d t tr have b n cut down (th nn d). Pl nt t n of ung n f r u trees r r to th nn ng are often very dark places. This b u th trees r l nt d l t g th r t d ur g th gr wth f th r competing l nt species. Pl nt gr w ng n and und r th tr n a w dl nd n include a ur r ng number f different m nd lichens. For example, around 80 d ff r nt species f m m ght be f und gr w ng w th n n Oak w dl nd. The number of different kinds f l h n n a w dl nd m f r ur th , w th u t 300 d ff r nt r km2 recorded in r u h th N w F r t. O k tr l n n u rt u t 324 d ff r nt

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