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OverviewIs the climate warming? Is the hydrological cycle intensifying? Is the climate becoming more variable or extreme? Is the chemical composition of the atmosphere changing? Is the solar irradiance constant? Answers to these questions are fundamental to understanding, predicting, and assessing climate on time scales ranging from weeks to a century. Atmospheric, oceanic, and environmental scientists have primarily relied on an ad-hoc collection of disparate environmental observational and data management systems to address these problems. But these systems were not designed to measure climate variations and, as a result, changes and variations of the earth system during the instrumental climate record is far from unequivocal. This book develops a framework from which a Global Climate Observing System, currently being discussed in international forums, can be implemented to monitor changes and variations of climate. Audience: Administrators, policy makers, professionals, graduate students, and others interested in learning how we can ensure a long-term climate record for application to national economic development and understanding ecosystem dynamics. Full Product DetailsAuthor: Thomas R. KarlPublisher: Springer Imprint: Springer Edition: 1996 ed. Dimensions: Width: 16.00cm , Height: 2.70cm , Length: 24.00cm Weight: 0.834kg ISBN: 9789401041430ISBN 10: 9401041431 Pages: 518 Publication Date: 05 November 2012 Audience: Professional and scholarly , Professional & Vocational Format: Paperback Publisher's Status: Active Availability: Manufactured on demand  We will order this item for you from a manufactured on demand supplier. Table of ContentsEditorials.- The Global Climate Observing System (GCOS). An Editorial.- Long-Term Climate Monitoring by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS). An Editorial.- Long-Term Climate Monitoring by the Global Climate Observing System. Report of Breakout Group A — Climate Forcings and Feedbacks. An Editorial.- Long-Term Climate Monitoring by the Global Climate Observing System. Report of Breakout Group B — Climate Responses and Feedbacks. An Editorial.- Long-Term Climate Monitoring by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS). Report of Breakout Group C — Climate Impacts. An Editorial.- General Aspects of Climate Observing.- Critical Issues for Long-Term Climate Monitoring.- Toward a Scientific Centered Climate Monitoring System.- Long-Term Climate Monitoring and Extreme Events.- Low-Cost Long-Term Monitoring of Global Climate Forcings and Feedbacks.- Regional Climate Changes as Simulated in Time-Slice Experiments.- Specific Aspects of Climate Observing.- Monitoring Changes of Clouds.- On Detecting Long-Term Changes in Atmospheric Moisture.- Long-Term Observations for Monitoring of the Cryosphere.- Satellite Monitoring of Global Land Cover Changes and Their Impact on Climate.- Long-Term Observations of Land Surface Characteristics.- Atmospheric Circulation Climate Changes.- Temperature above the Surface Layer.- An Ocean Observing System for Climate. The Conceptual Design.- Observational Evidence of Interannual to Decadal-Scale Variability of the Subsurface Temperature-Salinity Structure of the World Ocean.- Monitoring Sea Level Changes.- Land Surface Temperatures — Is the Network Good Enough?.- Marine Surface Temperature: Observed Variations and Data Requirements.- Documenting and Detecting Long-Term Precipitation Trends: Where We Are and What Should Be Done.-Climate Impacts and Climate Monitoring.- Indexes of Leading Climate Indicators for Impact Assessment.ReviewsAuthor InformationTab Content 6Author Website:Countries AvailableAll regions |
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