Overview

This book is about a new and different way of approaching and studying the history of the built environment and the use of historical precedents in design. However, although what I am proposing is new for what is currently called architectural history, both my approach and even my conclusions are not that new in other fields, as I discovered when I attempted to find supporting evidence. * In fact, of all the disciplines dealing with various aspects of the study of the past, architectural history seems to have changed least in the ways I am advocating. There is currently a revival of interest in the history of architecture and urban form; a similar interest applies to theory, vernacular design, and culture-environment relations. After years of neglect, the study of history and the use of historical precedent are again becoming important. However, that interest has not led to new approaches to the subject, nor have its bases been examined. This I try to do. In so doing, I discuss a more rigorous and, I would argue, a more valid way of looking at historical data and hence of using such data in a theory of the built environment and as precedent in environmental design. Underlying this is my view of Environment-Behavior Studies CEBS) as an emerging theory rather than as data to help design based on current theory. Although this will be the subject of another book, a summary statement of this position may be useful.

Full Product Details

Author:   Anatol Rapoport
Publisher:   Springer Science+Business Media
Imprint:   Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers
Edition:   1990 ed.
Weight:   1.130kg
ISBN:  

9780306434297

ISBN 10:   0306434296
Pages:   540
Publication Date:   31 July 1990
Audience:   College/higher education ,  Professional and scholarly ,  Undergraduate ,  Postgraduate, Research & Scholarly
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Out of Print
Availability:   Out of stock  

Table of Contents

I The Argument.- 1 * History of What?.- The Subject Matter of Environmental History.- Subdividing the Domain.- Methodological Implications.- 2 * History for What?.- Approaches to History.- Some Examples.- Implications for Theory.- 3 * What History?.- Being Scientific .- Broad Outline of the Approach.- Art History and Architectural History.- Changes in the Study of Art: The Case of Rock Art.- From the Study of Art to the Study of the Built Environment.- The Relation between Past and Present.- Inference.- Inference in Science and History.- Uniformitarian Assumptions.- Conclusion.- II The Supporting Arguments.- 4 * Supporting Argument 1.- The Supporting Argument from the Social Sciences.- The Supporting Argument from History.- Some Specific, Implicit Supporting Arguments.- Explicit Supporting Arguments.- The Supporting Argument from the Historical Sciences.- Science in General.- Cosmology.- Life on Earth-The Biological and Evolutionary Sciences.- Paleontology.- Human Evolution.- 5 * Supporting Argument 2: Archaeology/Prehistory.- A Conscious and Explicit Concern with Epistemological Issues.- Redefining the Domain.- Posing Clear and Explicit Questions.- Explicitness, Rigor, Logic, Clarity, and Precision.- Objectivity.- Rigorous Mutual Criticism.- Self-Correction, Cumulativeness, and Rapid Progress.- Need for an Empirical Base.- The Handling of Data.- Methodological Sophistication, Multiple Methods, and Taxonomy.- Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary Approaches.- Search for Pattern.- Generalization, Explanation, and Theory.- Controlled Use of Analogies.- Prediction.- The Development of Theory.- Models and Model Testing.- Inference.- Some Examples.- III Case Study: Pedestrian Streets.- 6 * Pedestrians and Settings.- Environment-Behavior Studies.- Pedestrian Behavior.- Walking and Settings.- Literature Review.- 7 * The Perceptual Characteristics of Pedestrian Streets: The General and Specific Hypotheses.- Complexity.- Noticeable Differences.- Effects of Speed of Movement.- The General Hypothesis.- The Specific Hypotheses.- 8 * The Evidence: The Sample and the Method.- The Evidence.- The Sample.- The Method.- The Data.- Conclusion.- Implications of the Case Study.- What Do the Data Show?.- What Do the Data Mean?.- What Are the Implications of the Case Study?.- Implications of the Book as a Whole.- References.

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