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Three comprehensive reports about the Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, and the implications of the Trump Administration withdrawal based on violations by Russia, are reproduced in this compilation. Contents: Russian Compliance with the Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty: Background and Issues for Congress * Consequences and Context for Russia's Violations of the INF Treaty * China's Missile Program and U.S. Withdrawal from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty * 2019 U.S. Intelligence Community Worldwide Threat AssessmentThe United States and Soviet Union signed the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty in December 1987. Negotiations on this treaty were the result of a dual-track decision taken by NATO in 1979 in response to concerns about the Soviet Union's deployment of new intermediate-range nuclear missiles. NATO agreed both to accept deployment of new U.S. intermediate-range ballistic and cruise missiles and to support U.S. efforts to negotiate with the Soviet Union to limit these missiles. In the INF Treaty, the United States and Soviet Union agreed that they would ban all land-based ballistic and cruise missiles with ranges between 500 and 5,500 kilometers. The ban would apply to missiles with nuclear or conventional warheads, but would not apply to sea-based or air-delivered missiles. The Trump Administration conducted an extensive review of the INF Treaty during 2017 to assess the potential security implications of Russia's violation and to determine how the United States would respond going forward. On December 8, 2017-the 30th anniversary of the date when the treaty was signed-the Administration announced that the United States would implement an integrated response that included diplomatic, military, and economic measures. On October 20, 2018, President Trump announced that the United States would withdraw from INF, citing Russia's noncompliance as a key factor in that decision. The United States suspended its participation in the treaty and submitted its official notice of withdrawal February 2, 2019. Russia responded by suspending its participation on February 2, 2019, as well.The 2018 version of the State Department report confirmed that Russia continues to be in violation of its obligation not to possess, produce, or flight-test a ground-launched cruise missile (GLCM) with a range capability of 500 kilometers to 5,500 kilometers, or to possess or produce launchers of such missiles. As in past reports, it did not contain details about the capabilities of the offending missile or confirm press reports about the missile's deployment. However, the report indicated that the United States has provided Russia with information pertaining to the missile and the launcher, including Russia's internal designator for the mobile launcher chassis and the names of the companies involved in developing and producing the missile and launcher and information on the violating GLCM's test history, including coordinates of the tests and Russia's attempts to obfuscate the nature of the program. The report also indicated that the GLCM has a range capability of between 500 and 5,500 kilometers and that it is distinct from the R-500/SSC-7 GLCM or the RS-26 ICBM. It stated that the United States assesses the Russian designator for the system in question is 9M729.

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