Overview

Cardiac Signs and Symptoms shows you how to recognize abnormal heart sounds, such as an S3 and S4, and murmurs; determine their probable causes; and intervene quickly and appropriately. In just 30 minutes, you'll learn: h the best place to listen for an S3 or S4, how these sounds develop, and how to distinguish them from split heart sounds h which other signs and symptoms to look for if you detect an S3 sound in a patient with chronic heart failure h how an S4 can result from increased resistance to ventricular fillingXand hear what it sounds like h how proper patient positioning and stethoscope placement can ensure accurate assessment of murmurs and other abnormal heart sounds h how to characterize a murmur's intensity, pitch, quality, shape, and duration h Learn how to recognize abnormal heart sounds, what these sounds and other cardiac signs and symptoms can tell you about your patient's underlying condition, and how to intervene promptly and expertly when you detect such findings.

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9781930138179

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