Overview

With 'Biogeography and Ecology in South America' as the general theme, a total of twenty-nine contributions by thirty authors is offered here in two volumes, being volumes 18 and 19 of the Monographiae Biologicae. Most of these discussions deal with decidedly specialist themes and the editors have been particularly concerned to ensure that the authors enjoyed the greatest possible freedom in the preparation of their work in order that different points of view and interpretations, together with some questions of controversy, may be clarified. This also applies, of course, to the several chapters in which general themes (geographical substance, climate, geology, vegetation, amongst others) are discussed. Since the amount of material available is too great to enable one to aspire to a presentation of the complete biogeographical and ecological picture, this procedure seems expedient. However, these two volumes could well be regarded as being a preparatory work for just such a complete description. Each of the separate technical contributions refers to the continent as a whole, in order to characterise it as such from the viewpoint of the specialist. For this reason it was necessary to forgo special discussions of particular regions or types of landscape, although South America of all places is remarkably rich in unique regional phenom- ena, the altiplano of Peru and Bolivia, the relict forests of Fray Jorge, the shrub formations of Tierra del Fuego, the lakes of the High Andes, for example.

Full Product Details

Author:   E. J. Fittkau ,  Joachim Illies ,  H. Klinge ,  G. H. Schwabe
Publisher:   Springer
Imprint:   Kluwer Academic Publishers
Edition:   1969 ed.
Volume:   18
Weight:   1.085kg
ISBN:  

9789061930709

ISBN 10:   9061930707
Pages:   464
Publication Date:   30 June 1968
Audience:   Professional and scholarly ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Out of Print
Availability:   Out of stock  

Table of Contents

Uberblick Uber Die Geologische Entwicklung Sudamerikas.- I. Geotektonische Einheiten.- Der Brasilianische Schild.- Epikontinentale Becken.- Neso-Kratone.- Gurtel der perikratonen Becken.- Andine Geosynklinale.- II. Geologischer Werdegang.- Prakambrium.- Kambrium.- Ordoviz.- Gotland.- Devon.- Karbon.- Perm.- Trias.- Jura.- Kreide.- Tertiar.- Pleistozan.- Summary.- Resumo.- Literatur.- A Critical Review of the Evidence for a Former Direct Connection of South America with Africa.- The Fit of the Continents.- The Precambrian Structures.- The Lower Paleozoic Systems.- The Upper Paleozoic.- The Mesozoic Record.- The Problem of the Age of the Atlantic Ocean.- The Paleomagnetic Evidence.- Conclusions.- Summary.- Sumario.- The Climatology of South America.- Astronomical Location.- General Circulation: Pressure Cells.- Surface Features: Landforms.- Surface Features: Ocean Currents.- Altitude and Exposure.- Major Climatic Regions.- C Climates.- B Climates.- E Climates.- Summary.- Resumen.- Nature and Geography of South American Soils.- Soil Regions of the Lowlands.- Soil Regions of the Uplands.- Andean Mountain Ranges.- Conclusions.- Towards an Ecological Characterisation of the South American Continent.- The Major Ecological Subdivisions.- Climatological Aspects.- Demineralisation.- Human Ecology.- Literature.- Zur Okologie Des Amazonas-Gebietes.- Summary.- Resumo.- Literatur.- Die Okosysteme Sudamerikas.- Montane Biome.- Steppenbiome.- Savannen-Biome.- Wald-Biome.- Summary.- Resumen.- Literatur.- Proteccion y Conservacion de la Naturaleza En Sudameriga.- Introduccion.- Nomenclatura.- Breve historia de la proteccion y conservacion en Latinoamerica.- Parques Nacionalesy Reservas equivalentes de Sudamerica.- La proteccion de Galapagos y el mar territorial.- Summary.- Sudamerika Als Herkunftsraum von Nutzpflanzen.- Sudamerikanische Nachtschattengewachse (Solanaceen).- Wurzel- und Knollenfruchte aus Indianerkulturen.- Sudamerikanische Kurbisgewachse (Cucurbitaceen).- Sudamerikanische Getreide.- Mate-Ilex Baraguariensis St. Hil.- Kakao-Theobroma Cacao L..- Kautschukbaume-Hevea.- Olmadi-Madia Sativa Mol.- Hulsenfruchte sudamerikanischen Ursprungs.- Baumwolle-Gossypium L.- Erdbeere-Fragaria.- Ananas-Ananas comosus (Stickm,) Mer.- Summary.- Resumen.- Literatur.- Agrigultura na Ameriga do Sul.- Penodo Pre-Golombiano.- Agricultura na America do Sul com Especies Nativas.- Batata-Solanum tuberosum.- Milho-Zea mays L.- Cacau-Theobroma cacao L.- Mandioca-Manihot utilissima M, esculenta.- Algodao-Gossypium hirsutum L.- Borracha-Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.- A Agricultura na America do Sul com a introducao de especies exoticas.- Cana de acucar-clones hibridos interespecificos de S. officinarum.- Cafe-Coffea arabica L.- Bananas-Clones hibridos partenocarpicos do gemro Musa, grupo Eumusa.- Dende.- Pecuaria bovina na America do Sul.- Gado bovino-Bos taurus L.- Resumo.- Summary.- Bibliografia.- The South American Indians and their Culture.- The Beginnings: Prehistoric Hunters and Food Gatherers.- Prehistoric Fishermen and the Beginning of Agriculture.- The Central Andean High Culture.- The Inca Empire.- The Pre-Columbian Cultures of the South and North Andes.- The Archaeology of the Tropical Forest Regions.- Anthropological and Racial Divisions.- Language and Origins.- Summary.- Zusammenfassung.- Some Aspects of Human Ecology in South America.- Ecology.- Adaptation.- Summary.- Sumario.- Man and Environmental Change in South America.- Antiquity and Magnitude of Aboriginal Population.- Tierra del Fuego.- The Receding and Despoiled Woodlands.- Wildlife Dispersal and Destruction.- Livestock and Rangelands.- Environmental Pollution.- Rearrangement of Hydrological Patterns.- Changes in Weather and Climate.- Conclusion.- Zusammenfassung.- Resumo.

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