Overview

Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) policies have been a central pillar of attempts to overcome the economic legacy of apartheid. Yet, more than two decades into democracy, economic exclusion in South Africa still largely reflects the fault-lines of the apartheid era. Current discourse often conflates BEE with the so-called 'tenderpreneurship' referred to in the title, namely the reliance of some emergent black capitalists on state patronage. Authors go beyond this notion to understand BEE's role from a unique perspective. They trace the history of black entrepreneurship and how deliberate policies under colonialism and its apartheid variant sought to suppress this impulse. In the context of modern South Africa, authors interrogate the complex dynamics of class formation, economic empowerment and redress against the backdrop of broader macroeconomic policies. They examine questions relating to whether B-BBEE policies are informed by strategies to change the structure of the economy. These issues are explored against the backdrop of the experiences of other developing countries and their journeys of industrialisation. The relevant black empowerment experiences of countries such as the United States are also discussed. The authors identify policy and programmatic interventions to forge the non-racial future that the constitution enjoins South Africans to build.

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9781928509127

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Ayabonga Cawe is a Johannesburg-based development economist, columnist, radio presenter, photographer and activist. He is Managing Director of Xesibe Holdings (Pty) Ltd, a platform involved in consultancy, facilitation and content development across a wide range of fields. He hosts #MetroFMTalk on MetroFM and writes a regular column for the Daily Maverick and the Business Day. He hosts the Business Unusual show on Newsroom Afrika on channel 405. Prior to this he was Economic Justice Manager at Oxfam South Africa (OZA) working on policy advocacy and research. Khwezi Mabasa is a MISTRA Senior Researcher in the Faculty of Political Economy and a part-time Lecturer in the Department of Political Sciences at the University of Pretoria (UP). Mabasa has a Political Science background and obtained his MA (Political Science: Political Economy) from the University of Pretoria. He is currently working on a PhD in Development Sociology at the University of the Witwatersrand focusing on a gendered analysis of South Africa’s agrarian question. Before his MISTRA employment he served as the National Social Policy Coordinator at the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU), Programme Manager at Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (FES) and Junior Lecturer: Political Sciences (University of Pretoria).

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