Overview

This book reports the first systematic monitoring and modelling study on water availability, water quality and seawater intrusion of the Shatt al-Arab River (SAR) on the border of Iraq and Iran, where causes and concentration levels of salinity have not yet been fully understood, let alone addressed, leading to conflicting perceptions of its origin (external or internal), the natural conditions and the practices that can explain the current critical conditions. Current scientific knowledge on the SAR salinity problem is deficient, partially due to the complex and dynamic interaction between marine and terrestrial salinity sources, including return flows by water users of the different water sectors in the Euphrates and Tigris rivers upstream of the SAR. The development of a new series of monitoring stations and various modelling approaches helped to better understand the interactions between these different sources. The comprehensive and detailed dataset formed the basis for a validated analytical model that can predict the extent of seawater relative to other salinity sources in an estuary, and for a hydrodynamic model that can predict salinity changes. The adaptability of the models to changing conditions makes them directly applicable by water managers. The procedure can be applied to other comparable systems.

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9781138474413

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Javier Adrián Sánchez Guillén is originally form Panamaand got his Chemical Engineering degree from the Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Mexico. Afterwards, he started working at the National Bureau of Drinking Water supply and Waste Water treatment of Panama. To expand his knowledge in the water sector he came to the Netherlands to obtain his Master in Sanitary Engineering at UNESCO-IHE. Hewas awarded a Fulbright fellowship Hubert Humphrey program in Water Quality-Watershed Management which he covered at Cornell University, USA, as well as a scholarship from the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and the International Lake Environment Committee Foundation (ILEC) to study Environmental Education Focused on Fresh Water Environment which he covered at Shiga University in Japan. After completing his master's degree, Javier worked at the Technological University in Panama, where he was appointed as a Lecturer in the subjects of drinking water treatment and wastewater treatment in the Master of Science program. He returned tothe Netherlandsfor aPh.D. on the topic of autotrophic nitrogen removal from low concentrated effluents. The main objective of this research was to study system configurations and operational features for post-treatment of anaerobic effluents in the mainstream.Javier plans to continue with his research in Anammox-based technology with the purpose of contributing with the development of bioprocess for nitrogen pollution control. After about 22 years of experience in water treatment, he is currently working at the National Bureau of Drinking Water supply and Waste Water treatment of Panama.

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