Overview

"Many New Testament Greek grammarians assert that the Greek attributive participle and the Greek relative clause are ""equivalent."" Michael E. Hayes disproves those assertions in An Analysis of the Attributive Participle and the Relative Clause in the Greek New Testament, thoroughly presenting the linguistic categories of restrictivity and nonrestrictivity and analyzing the restrictive/nonrestrictive nature of every attributive participle and relative clause. By employing the Accessibility Hierarchy, he focuses the central and critical analysis to the subject relative clause and the attributive participle. His analysis leads to the conclusion that with respect to the restrictive/nonrestrictive distinction these two constructions could in no way be described as ""equivalent."" The attributive participle is primarily utilized to restrict its antecedent except under certain prescribed circumstances, and when both constructions are grammatically and stylistically feasible, the relative clause is predominantly utilized to relate nonrestrictively to its antecedent. As a result, Hayes issues a call to clarity and correction for grammarians, exegetes, modern editors, and translators of the Greek New Testament."

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9781433135071

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It is one thing to look at a number of examples, even a great number. It is another thing to look at all of the examples, and that is exactly what Michael E. Hayes has done with his nonpareil study of attributive participles and relative clauses. Building upon my own growing suspicion that the two constructions are not equivalent in Koine Greek, he develops overwhelming facts, establishing the largely distinct nature of each construction, though acknowledging areas of overlap. This is the way linguistic understanding makes progress, viz., not by computer analysis but by the hard work of actually looking at data in context. Kudos! -James W. Voelz, Dr. Jack Dean Kingsbury Professor of New Testament Theology, Concordia Seminary Michael E. Hayes's study of the attributive participle and the relative clause breaks new ground in the field of Greek linguistics. These constructions are in no way equivalent, even though many Greek teachers have taught the opposite for years, myself included. His work is a muchneeded corrective to the standard introductions to New Testament Greek. This is an invaluable resource for any student of the language of the New Testament. The author is to be commended for an excellent contribution to the ever-growing field of Greek linguistics. -David Alan Black, Dr. M.O. Owens, Jr. Chair of New Testament Studies, Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary

Michael E. Hayes's study of the attributive participle and the relative clause breaks new ground in the field of Greek linguistics. These constructions are in no way equivalent, even though many Greek teachers have taught the opposite for years, myself included. His work is a muchneeded corrective to the standard introductions to New Testament Greek. This is an invaluable resource for any student of the language of the New Testament. The author is to be commended for an excellent contribution to the ever-growing field of Greek linguistics. -David Alan Black, Dr. M.O. Owens, Jr. Chair of New Testament Studies, Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary It is one thing to look at a number of examples, even a great number. It is another thing to look at all of the examples, and that is exactly what Michael E. Hayes has done with his nonpareil study of attributive participles and relative clauses. Building upon my own growing suspicion that the two constructions are not equivalent in Koine Greek, he develops overwhelming facts, establishing the largely distinct nature of each construction, though acknowledging areas of overlap. This is the way linguistic understanding makes progress, viz., not by computer analysis but by the hard work of actually looking at data in context. Kudos! -James W. Voelz, Dr. Jack Dean Kingsbury Professor of New Testament Theology, Concordia Seminary

Author Information

Michael E. Hayes is an ordained pastor in the Lutheran church. He serves as Minister to Adults at historic St. John’s Lutheran Church in Old Towne Orange, California, where he preaches, teaches, leads discipleship ministries, and produces video curricula for small groups. He earned the doctor of philosophy degree in exegetical theology from Concordia Seminary, St. Louis.

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